功能性状的遗传因素

IF 0.8 4区 农林科学 Q3 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE
Mª Luz García, M. Gunia, M. Argente
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引用次数: 1

摘要

功能性状的选择对研究人员来说是一个挑战,但由于人们越来越关注动物福利,并在不损害动物生产力的情况下克服减少兔子生产中抗生素使用的问题,因此这是一个越来越必要的目标。这篇综述的目的是讨论对疾病抵抗力的遗传控制、寿命和一窝出生体重的变异性,或母鹿出生时的窝大小变异性,描述选择方案和对疾病抵抗/易感性的多组学分析的第一个结果。寿命的遗传力约为0.13,出生体重均匀性的遗传力为0.01,产仔数变异性的遗传率为0.09,抗病性的遗传度约为0.11。功能性状和生产性状之间的遗传相关性大多为零,或者在某些情况下适度有利。审查了在三个国家制定的六个甄选方案。具有高压选择或发散选择实验的线基础是使用的不同方法,并且对选择产生了有利的反应。基因组学研究揭示了与免疫系统功能相关的区域和针对产仔数变异性选择的品系中的压力之间的关联。关于肠道微生物群在兔子免疫反应中的作用的知识非常有限。多组学方法可以帮助确定调节宿主免疫基因的微生物机制。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Genetic factors of functional traits
Selection of functional traits is a challenge for researchers, but an increasingly necessary objective due to the growing concern regarding animal welfare and overcoming the problems of reducing antibiotic use in rabbit production without undermining the animals’ productivity. The aim of this review is to discuss the genetic control of resistance to diseases, longevity and variability of birth weight within a litter, or litter size variability at birth within doe, describing the selection programmes and the first results from a multi-omics analysis of resistance/susceptibility to diseases. The heritability is around 0.13 for longevity, 0.01 for uniformity in birth weight, 0.09 for litter size variability and around 0.11 for disease resistance. Genetic correlations between functional traits and production traits are mostly no different from zero, or are moderately favourable in some cases. Six selection programmes developed in three countries are reviewed. Line foundation with high pressure for selection or divergent selection experiments are different methodologies used, and favourable responses to selection have been achieved. Genomics studies have revealed associations in regions related to immune system functionality and stress in lines selected for litter size variability. Knowledge of the role of gut microbiota in the rabbit’s immune response is very limited. A multi-omics approach can help determine the microbial mechanisms in regulation immunity genes of the host.
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来源期刊
World Rabbit Science
World Rabbit Science 农林科学-奶制品与动物科学
CiteScore
1.70
自引率
25.00%
发文量
22
审稿时长
>36 weeks
期刊介绍: World Rabbit Science is the official journal of the World Rabbit Science Association (WRSA). One of the main objectives of the WRSA is to encourage communication and collaboration among individuals and organisations associated with rabbit production and rabbit science in general. Subject areas include breeding, genetics, production, management, environment, health, nutrition, physiology, reproduction, behaviour, welfare, immunology, molecular biology, metabolism, processing and products. World Rabbit Science is the only international peer-reviewed journal included in the ISI Thomson list dedicated to publish original research in the field of rabbit science. Papers or reviews of the literature submitted to World Rabbit Science must not have been published previously in an international refereed scientific journal. Previous presentations at a scientific meeting, field day reports or similar documents can be published in World Rabbit Science, but they will be also subjected to the peer-review process. World Rabbit Science will publish papers of international relevance including original research articles, descriptions of novel techniques, contemporaryreviews and meta-analyses. Short communications will only accepted in special cases where, in the Editor''s judgement, the contents are exceptionally exciting, novel or timely. Proceedings of rabbit scientific meetings and conference reports will be considered for special issues. World Rabbit Science is published in English four times a year in a single volume. Authors may publish in World Rabbit Science regardless of the membership in the World Rabbit Science Association, even if joining the WRSA is encouraged. Views expressed in papers published in World Rabbit Science represent the opinion of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the official policy of the WRSA or the Editor-in-Chief.
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