孟加拉国:BRAC从弗莱雷的批判性“尽责化”转向新自由主义自我优化发展方法的分析

IF 0.2 Q4 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH
M. Fateh
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引用次数: 1

摘要

本文批判性地分析了孟加拉国发展非政府组织BRAC如何从保罗·弗莱雷的“自我意识”教育转向新自由主义的自我优化发展方式。关注BRAC的创始人Fazle Hasan Abed的意图和BRAC的成人扫盲计划,我研究了BRAC为什么放弃了Freire根植于巴西天主教马克思主义社会运动的责任心教育,而接受了基于市场资本主义的市场驱动发展战略。在分析中,我将BRAC置于20世纪80年代初的国际背景的交叉点,考察了BRAC与孟加拉国政权的关系,并调查了BRAC和该机构提供项目的人的后果。我的研究结果表明,尽管freireian哲学是BRAC的组织原则和成人教育课程设计的基础(Smillie, 2009;BRAC, 1977), BRAC抛弃了freifrean哲学,屈服于国际援助行业的地方权力结构和霸权。在新自由主义的黎明(1980-1995),BRAC采用小额信贷,小额信贷扫盲和利润驱动的发展倡议,以利用穷人的斗争,有利于其组织的增长和可持续性。在发展成为世界上最大和最商业化的非政府组织的过程中(《经济学家》,2010),BRAC修改和去政治化了Freire在课程和发展战略中的激进责任感,使自己与当地权力结构、孟加拉国政府和国际捐助者保持一致。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Bangladesh: An Analysis of BRAC’s Shift from Freire’s Critical «Conscientization» to a Neoliberal Self-Optimization Approach of Development
This article provides a critical analysis of a Bangladeshi development-NGO BRAC’s shift from Paulo Freire’s «conscientizing» education to a neoliberal self-optimization approach of development. Focusing on BRAC’s founder Fazle Hasan Abed’s intentionality and BRAC’s adult literacy programs, I examine why BRAC abandoned Freire’s conscientizing education rooted in Catholic-Marxist social movements in Brazil, and embraced a market-driven development strategy based on market capitalism. In the analysis I place BRAC at the intersection of the international context of the early 1980s, examine BRAC’s relationship with the Bangladeshi regimes, and investigate the ramifications for BRAC and the people to whom this institution offered programs. My findings suggest that, although Freirean philosophy was foundational to BRAC’s organizing principles and the design of its adult education curriculum (Smillie, 2009; BRAC, 1977), BRAC deserted Freirean philosophy to submit to the local power structure and hegemony of the international aid industry. At the dawn of neoliberalism (1980–1995), BRAC adopted microfinance, microfinance literacy and profit-driven development initiatives to capitalize on the struggle of the poor in favour of its organizational growth and sustainability. In the process of evolving into the largest and most business-like NGO in the world (Economist, 2010), BRAC modified and depoliticized Freire’s radical conscientization in its curriculum and development strategy to align itself with the local power structure, the Bangladesh state, and international donors. 
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来源期刊
Espacio Tiempo y Educacion
Espacio Tiempo y Educacion EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH-
CiteScore
0.70
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0.00%
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15
审稿时长
24 weeks
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