Building material synthesization using municipal solid waste incineration ash: A state-of-the-art review

ABSTRACT The practice of manufacturing building materials using solid waste incineration ash provides an excellent avenue for reducing the drastic amount of volume entering the waste stream. Further, it curtails the replenishment of naturally available resources, thereby guaranteeing the management of carbon footprint in the construction industry. This paper reviews the broad spectrum of building material applications made possible from municipal solid waste incineration ash. Attention was given to the minerals responsible for their beneficial outputs and their chemical composition, followed by analyzing their strength performance. This manuscript will also act as a guideline for utilizing incineration ash by highlighting its engineering application at a definite proportion. It also highlights the influence of thermal treatment and geopolymer incorporation for strength enhancement in building elements. Furthermore, a brief conclusion elaborates the crucial need in identifying future research and development, focusing mainly on the advancement of material usage in the building industry. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT