世界已经忘记了我们:辛贾尔和伊斯兰国对耶兹迪人的种族灭绝托马斯·施米丁格(评论)

IF 0.5 4区 社会学 Q3 WOMENS STUDIES
E. Artan
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引用次数: 0

摘要

在这本书中,托马斯·施米丁格不仅调查了伊斯兰国(IS)从2014年8月3日开始在辛贾尔地区(Şingal)对Êzidi人口(英语中通常被称为雅兹迪人)的大规模屠杀,还描绘了库尔德地区以及长期生活在一起的宗教和种族群体的历史。施米丁格主要认为,Êzidi文化在西方国家并不为人所知,特别是当Êzidi散居海外的人们寻求政治支持,以阻止IS的袭击,然后是战争罪行,包括长达数年的人口贩运和对Êzidi妇女和儿童的性虐待。因此,本研究的主要目的是为辛贾尔Êzidi社会的悠久历史和Êzidi移民的经历提供可见性,这些移民主要是那些在最近的伊斯兰国袭击中幸存下来的人,现在居住在欧洲(主要是德国和澳大利亚)和北美。施米丁格把这本书分为三个主要部分:(1)辛贾尔的历史和种族灭绝,(2)照片,(3)采访。在第一部分中,施米丁格描述了辛贾尔从古代到现在在库尔德地区的地理和政治史,包括叙利亚、伊拉克、伊朗和土耳其。他还解释了Êzidi文化及其社会结构、日常生活和宗教习俗,以及他们在一神论宗教意识形态下遭受的威胁和攻击,以及Êzidi历史上对种族灭绝的看法。本章也清楚地说明了伊斯兰圣战分子在2014年夏天的袭击,通过对冲突的时间顺序阅读,从辛贾尔地区早期的军事冲突到2021年的政治辩论,通过揭露战争罪行(绑架,杀害和强奸平民)以及在土耳其和伊拉克难民营寻求保护的Êzidi恶劣的生活条件。那些不得不逃离IS的幸存者的故事,尤其是那些被贩卖奴隶的妇女的故事
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The World Has Forgotten Us: Sinjar and the Islamic State’s Genocide of the Yezidis by Thomas Schmidinger (review)
In this book Thomas Schmidinger not only investigates the mass murder of the Êzidi population (often referred to as Yezidis in English) in the region of Sinjar (Şingal in Kurdish), started on August 3, 2014, by the Islamic State (IS), but also portrays the history of the Kurdish region along with religious and ethnic groups that have long lived together. Schmidinger mainly argues that the Êzidi culture has not been well known in Western countries, especially when the Êzidi people in diaspora were seeking political support to stop the IS attacks and then the war crimes, including years-long human trafficking and sexual abuse of Êzidi women and children. Therefore the principal aim of this study is to provide visibility to the long history of the Êzidi society in Sinjar and to the experiences of the Êzidi immigrants, mainly those who survived the most recent IS attacks and now live in Europe (mainly in Germany and Australia) and North America. Schmidinger divided the book into three main sections: (1) history of Sinjar and the genocide, (2) photographs, and (3) interviews. In the first section Schmidinger describes the geography and the political history of Sinjar from ancient times to the present in the Kurdish region, including Syria, Iraq, Iran, and Turkey. He also explains the Êzidi culture and their social structure, daily life, and religious practices, as well as the threats and attacks they endured under the ideology of monotheist religions, and the perception of genocide in Êzidi history. This chapter also clearly illustrates the Islamist jihadis’ attacks in the summer of 2014 with a chronological reading of the skirmish, from the early days of military conflicts in the region of Sinjar to the political debates in 2021, by exposing the war crimes (abduction, killing, and rape of civilians) accompanying the abysmal living conditions of the Êzidi seeking protection in the refugee camps located in Turkey and Iraq. The narratives of the survivors who had to flee from the IS, especially the women who had been subject to slave trade, and the
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