An Investigation into Design of Blood Pressure Cuffs Using the Tekscan Pressure Sensing System

Cuff design is the most important aspect to work on for the accurate measurement of blood pressure. For the very first time, pressure distribution underneath different parts/components of the fabric cuffs was analysed in detail using an advanced interface pressure sensing system. The pressure distribution at the interface of the selected cuffs and an arm simulator were measured experimentally while simulating blood pressure measurement. Fabrics are the main cuff constructing material and a relationship was found between cuff fabric properties and pressure at the interface of the cuff and the arm simulator. It was also found that the pressure distribution under different parts of the same cuff varied due to the uneven contact of the cuff fabric with the arm simulator. Components attached to cuff fabric which facilitate blood pressure measurement either confine or drive fabric according to their size and placement; they may cause non-uniform interface pressure distribution on the human arm too. It was also examined whether the selected cuffs were applying higher or lower average pressure over the surface of the simulator and the range varied from 8 mmHg to 25 mmHg. This indicates that the subsequent pressure distribution inside the arm tissues and over an artery would also vary further due to the cuffs being of different designs. This study found that cuffs would be unable to transfer the required pressure over the artery to block blood flow as and when needed.