Acute retropharyngeal abscess mimicking a peritonsillar abscess in a child: a diagnostic challenge

Aim of the study: To emphasise the importance of meticulous history taking and physical examination as well as to raise the awareness of various possibilities in the diagnosis and management of retropharyngeal abscesses in children. Case study: Retropharyngeal abscess commonly occurs in children under 4 years of age following upper respiratory tract infection or ear infection. Commonly, the presentation includes fever, odynophagia, and airway obstruction. The features may mimic epiglottitis and meningitis, which can delay appropriate treatment. We describe a case of a 4-year old boy who presented with fever, neck swelling, dysphagia, and torticollis. He was initially referred for a peritonsillar abscess. Computed tomography of the neck showed a collection in the retropharyngeal space. The child underwent incision and drainage, completed a 2-week course of antibiotics, and completely recovered. Conclusion: We highlight the importance of early diagnosis and prompt management of the condition to avoid life-threatening complications.