FireFlux2实验中火诱导循环的分析

IF 3 3区 农林科学 Q2 ECOLOGY
J. T. Benik, A. Farguell, J. Mirocha, C. Clements, A. Kochanski
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引用次数: 1

摘要

尽管最近在耦合火灾建模和火灾环境采样测量技术方面取得了进展,但导致野火快速蔓延的火灾-大气耦合机制仍知之甚少。当荒地火灾意外迅速蔓延并因火灾对当地风力条件的影响而改变方向时,这种知识差距会对火灾管理产生不利影响。在这项工作中,我们利用了来自FireFlux2规定燃烧的观测数据,以及使用火-大气耦合模型WRF-SFIRE进行的数值模拟,来评估中等风况(10-12 m/s)下火灾对当地微气象的小规模影响。FireFlux2规定的烧伤提供了一个全面的观测数据集,包括现场气象观测以及火灾进展的红外测量。为了直接量化火-大气相互作用的影响,进行了两次WRF-SFIRE模拟。一个模拟是在双向耦合模式下进行的,在该模式下,火灾释放的热量和水分通量被注入大气,另一个模拟则是在单向耦合模式下执行的,大气不受火灾影响。这两种模拟之间的差异被用来分析和量化火灾对火线不同部分大气环流的影响。火灾释放的热通量导致最高测量水平(地面以上20米)的垂直速度高达10.8米/秒,随高度逐渐减小,在5.77米处降至7.9米/秒。火灾引发的水平风表明,在最低测量水平(高达3.3米/秒)下,最强的火灾引发流量在地面以上20米处逐渐下降至小于1米/秒。对模拟流量的分析表明,火头和侧翼的火灾引发的环流存在显著差异。火引发的环流在火头附近比在侧翼强得多,在侧翼,火没有产生特别强的横向火流,也没有显著改变横向火的发展。然而,在火灾的最前线,由火灾引发的风最强,并显著加速了火灾的发展。包括火灾诱导风在内的双向耦合模拟产生的火灾传播速度比单向耦合模拟快36.2%,更真实地反映了火灾的发展。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Analysis of Fire-Induced Circulations during the FireFlux2 Experiment
Despite recent advances in both coupled fire modeling and measurement techniques to sample the fire environment, the fire–atmosphere coupling mechanisms that lead to fast propagating wildfires remain poorly understood. This knowledge gap adversely affects fire management when wildland fires propagate unexpectedly rapidly and shift direction due to the fire impacts on local wind conditions. In this work, we utilized observational data from the FireFlux2 prescribed burn and numerical simulations performed with a coupled fire–atmosphere model WRF-SFIRE to assess the small-scale impacts of fire on local micrometeorology under moderate wind conditions (10–12 m/s). The FireFlux2 prescribed burn provided a comprehensive observational dataset with in situ meteorological observations as well as IR measurements of fire progression. To directly quantify the effects of fire–atmosphere interactions, two WRF-SFIRE simulations were executed. One simulation was run in a two-way coupled mode in which the heat and moisture fluxes emitted from the fire were injected into the atmosphere, and the other simulation was performed in a one-way coupled mode for which the atmosphere was not affected by the fire. The difference between these two simulations was used to analyze and quantify the fire impacts on the atmospheric circulation at different sections of the fire front. The fire-released heat fluxes resulted in vertical velocities as high as 10.8 m/s at the highest measurement level (20 m above ground level) gradually diminishing with height and dropping to 7.9 m/s at 5.77 m. The fire-induced horizontal winds indicated the strongest fire-induced flow at the lowest measurement levels (as high as 3.3 m/s) gradually decreasing to less than 1 m/s at 20 m above ground level. The analysis of the simulated flow indicates significant differences between the fire-induced circulation at the fire head and on the flanks. The fire-induced circulation was much stronger near the fire head than at the flanks, where the fire did not produce particularly strong cross-fire flow and did not significantly change the lateral fire progression. However, at the head of the fire the fire-induced winds blowing across the front were the strongest and significantly accelerated fire progression. The two-way coupled simulation including the fire-induced winds produced 36.2% faster fire propagation than the one-way coupled run, and more realistically represented the fire progression.
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来源期刊
Fire-Switzerland
Fire-Switzerland Multiple-
CiteScore
3.10
自引率
15.60%
发文量
182
审稿时长
11 weeks
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