东方斑点臭鼬根据环境条件改变夜间活动和运动

IF 0.6 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q4 Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Kassandra J. Arts, M. K. Hudson, Nicholas W. Sharp, A. Edelman
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引用次数: 4

摘要

摘要环境条件的日常和季节性波动可以通过改变能量成本和捕食风险来显著影响动物的生存和繁殖成功。在行为上,动物通常通过调节活动和相关的运动模式来应对环境的变化。我们使用加速度计通知的GPS遥测技术来评估小型恒温动物东部斑点臭鼬(Spilogale putorius)夜间活动和运动模式对环境条件的响应。在阿拉巴马州的冬末到夏季期间,研究人员监测了臭鼬夜间的运动和活动与环境温度、降水和月亮光照的关系。东方斑点臭鼬是严格的夜行动物,几乎没有白天活动。每晚活动总时间和总移动距离随环境温度和降雨量的增加而增加。月亮光照的变化可能会影响捕食风险,但不会影响臭鼬夜间的活动或移动。东部斑点臭鼬可能会在日落和日出之间活动,从而减少被捕食者发现的风险。在较低的温度下,较低的活动和运动显著降低了小型恒温动物的体温调节成本。在降水期间或降水后不久,臭鼬的活动增加可能是由于猎物的增加。我们的研究结果表明,像东部斑点臭鼬这样的小型恒温动物,广泛依赖行为体温调节,而不是生理适应,来缓冲自己对不断变化的环境条件的影响。行为灵活性可以促进物种在气候变化中的持续性,在东部斑点臭鼬等脆弱物种的保护策略中应予以考虑。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Eastern Spotted Skunks Alter Nightly Activity and Movement in Response to Environmental Conditions
Abstract. Daily and seasonal fluctuations in environmental conditions can significantly impact the survivorship and reproductive success of animals by altering energetic costs and predation risks. Behaviorally, animals often respond to changes in their environment through regulation of activity and associated movement patterns. We used accelerometer-informed GPS telemetry to assess nightly activity and movement patterns in response to environmental conditions in a small endotherm, the eastern spotted skunk (Spilogale putorius). Nightly movements and activity of skunks were monitored in association with ambient temperature, precipitation, and moon illumination during late winter through summer in Alabama. Eastern spotted skunks were strictly nocturnal, exhibiting almost no daytime activity. Total time active and total distance moved each night increased with ambient temperature and rainfall. Variation in moon illumination, which may affect predation risk, did not impact skunk nightly activity or movement. Eastern spotted skunks likely reduce predation risk by being active between sunset and sunrise when they are less visible to predators. Lower activity and movement at cooler temperatures significantly reduces thermoregulatory costs for small endotherms. Increased activity of skunks during or shortly after precipitation may be driven by increased prey availability. Our findings indicate that small endotherms, like the eastern spotted skunk, rely extensively on behavioral thermoregulation, instead of physiological adaptation, to buffer themselves against changing environmental conditions. Behavioral flexibility may promote species persistence as climate changes, and should be considered in conservation strategies of vulnerable species, such as eastern spotted skunks.
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来源期刊
American Midland Naturalist
American Midland Naturalist 环境科学-生态学
CiteScore
1.20
自引率
0.00%
发文量
38
审稿时长
18-36 weeks
期刊介绍: The American Midland Naturalist has been published for 90 years by the University of Notre Dame. The connotations of Midland and Naturalist have broadened and its geographic coverage now includes North America with occasional articles from other continents. The old image of naturalist has changed and the journal publishes what Charles Elton aptly termed "scientific natural history" including field and experimental biology. Its significance and breadth of coverage are evident in that the American Midland Naturalist is among the most frequently cited journals in publications on ecology, mammalogy, herpetology, ornithology, ichthyology, parasitology, aquatic and invertebrate biology and other biological disciplines.
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