不同饲喂方式对奶牛乳脂肪酸分布和抗氧化能力的影响

Anita Șanta, D. Mierliță, C. Socol, S. Dărăban
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引用次数: 1

摘要

这篇文献综述分析了奶牛不同喂养方式对牛奶营养和产奶质量的影响,特别强调了牛奶中功能性脂肪酸和非酶亲脂抗氧化剂的含量。因此,在奶牛适宜的饲喂条件下,可以通过增加功能性FA (C18:1反式-11、异丙酸;C18:3 n-3(酸性亚麻酸)和C18:2顺式-9反式-11(共轭亚油酸的异构体),被认为对消费者健康有益。这些适宜的奶牛喂养制度旨在使用绿色饲料(牧草),通过干燥或青贮保存饲料,补充富含脂肪的FA多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA),并确保体积和日粮精料之间的最佳比例。放牧奶牛所产的牛奶中,功能性FA和亲脂性抗氧化剂(生育酚、视黄醇和胡萝卜素)的含量明显高于全混合日粮(TMR)棚内饲养的奶牛,而饱和FA的含量则明显低于全混合日粮。此外,以干草为基础的饲料配给,主要是那些含有少量精料或补充植物脂肪的饲料配给,与青贮饲料或精料含量高的饲料配给相比,可确保产奶量,其脂肪酸结构更有利于人体健康,并且具有更好的氧化稳定性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
A review of the effects of different feeding regimes of cows on milk fatty acids profile and antioxidant capacity
This bibliography review analyzes the effects of different feeding regimes of cows the nutritional and sanogenic quality of milk, with a particular emphasis on milk content in functional fatty acids and non-enzymatic lipophilic antioxidants. Thus, using suitable feeding regimes of cows, fatty acid (FA) profile of milk fats can be improved by increasing the concentration in functional FA (C18:1 trans-11, vaccenic acid; C18:3 n-3, acid linolenic and C18:2 cis-9 trans-11, isomer of conjugated linoleic acid), considered as beneficial for consumer’s health. These suitable feeding regimes of cows aim using green fodder (pastures), preserving the fodder by drying or silage, supplementing the food with fats rich FA polyunsaturated (PUFA) and ensuring an optimal ratio between volume and ration concentrates. Milk yielded from grazing cows shows a considerably higher concentration of functional FA and lipophilic antioxidants (tocopherols, retinol and carotenes) and a lower content of saturated FA compared to that yielded from cows fed in shelter with TMR (total mixed ration). Also, hay-based feed rations, mainly those containing small amounts of concentrates or those supplemented with vegetable fats, ensure a milk yield with a fatty acid profile more favorable for human health and a better oxidative stability of compared to those with feed-based rations on silage or those high in concentrates.
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