活力四射:德国的选举改革特刊导言

IF 1.9 3区 社会学 Q2 POLITICAL SCIENCE
T. Faas, Sigrid Rossteutscher
{"title":"活力四射:德国的选举改革特刊导言","authors":"T. Faas, Sigrid Rossteutscher","doi":"10.1080/09644008.2022.2127147","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Electoral systems should produce not a single but multiple desirable outcomes. They should ensure that (stable) governments can be formed by concentrating power and increase (or at least not decrease) the legitimacy of governments. Electoral systems should also produce parliaments that reflect and represent voters’ preferences as precisely as possible, while at the same time ensuring that geographical regions or societal groups are represented in parliament. Electoral systems should provide incentives for citizens to participate – and on top of all of that, they should be simple enough to be easily understood by them. In the specifically German context, they should also produce a parliament that is not (too) oversized. Needless to say, no electoral rules in the world can fulfil these partly contradictory expectations simultaneously and each of these demands can be disputed on normative grounds. By implication, this also applies to electoral reforms, as they might be designed to heal a particular deficiency, but might at the same time create another one – intentionally or unintentionally. From a technical point of view, electoral rules regulate and frequently constrain electoral participation as well as patterns of representation. A reform of electoral rules changes the rationale of parties and candidates, affects voters’ behaviour, and ultimately the composition of parliaments. Hence, one should not mindlessly tinker with electoral systems, especially in times in which the perceived integrity of the electoral process can no longer be taken for granted. Reforming an electoral system requires a thorough examination of what a reform would imply for the abovementioned goals and the (perceived) quality of an electoral system. Electoral systems define the rules of the game in a democracy and hence should generally remain stable. In Germany, however, many electoral reforms have been debated and some of them have been implemented in recent years. Electoral reforms are alive and kicking, one could say. Proposed or implemented reforms touch upon a range of issues including electoral formulas, voting age requirements, and the representation of women. Some of them were triggered by party politics, others by decisions of the","PeriodicalId":46640,"journal":{"name":"German Politics","volume":"31 1","pages":"477 - 482"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9000,"publicationDate":"2022-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Alive and Kicking: Electoral Reform in Germany Introduction to the Special Issue\",\"authors\":\"T. Faas, Sigrid Rossteutscher\",\"doi\":\"10.1080/09644008.2022.2127147\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"Electoral systems should produce not a single but multiple desirable outcomes. They should ensure that (stable) governments can be formed by concentrating power and increase (or at least not decrease) the legitimacy of governments. Electoral systems should also produce parliaments that reflect and represent voters’ preferences as precisely as possible, while at the same time ensuring that geographical regions or societal groups are represented in parliament. Electoral systems should provide incentives for citizens to participate – and on top of all of that, they should be simple enough to be easily understood by them. In the specifically German context, they should also produce a parliament that is not (too) oversized. Needless to say, no electoral rules in the world can fulfil these partly contradictory expectations simultaneously and each of these demands can be disputed on normative grounds. By implication, this also applies to electoral reforms, as they might be designed to heal a particular deficiency, but might at the same time create another one – intentionally or unintentionally. From a technical point of view, electoral rules regulate and frequently constrain electoral participation as well as patterns of representation. A reform of electoral rules changes the rationale of parties and candidates, affects voters’ behaviour, and ultimately the composition of parliaments. Hence, one should not mindlessly tinker with electoral systems, especially in times in which the perceived integrity of the electoral process can no longer be taken for granted. Reforming an electoral system requires a thorough examination of what a reform would imply for the abovementioned goals and the (perceived) quality of an electoral system. Electoral systems define the rules of the game in a democracy and hence should generally remain stable. In Germany, however, many electoral reforms have been debated and some of them have been implemented in recent years. Electoral reforms are alive and kicking, one could say. Proposed or implemented reforms touch upon a range of issues including electoral formulas, voting age requirements, and the representation of women. Some of them were triggered by party politics, others by decisions of the\",\"PeriodicalId\":46640,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"German Politics\",\"volume\":\"31 1\",\"pages\":\"477 - 482\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":1.9000,\"publicationDate\":\"2022-09-29\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"German Politics\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"90\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1080/09644008.2022.2127147\",\"RegionNum\":3,\"RegionCategory\":\"社会学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"POLITICAL SCIENCE\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"German Politics","FirstCategoryId":"90","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09644008.2022.2127147","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"POLITICAL SCIENCE","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0

摘要

选举制度不应只产生一种理想的结果,而应产生多种理想的结果。他们应该确保(稳定的)政府可以通过集中权力形成,并增加(或至少不减少)政府的合法性。选举制度还应产生尽可能准确地反映和代表选民偏好的议会,同时确保各地理区域或社会群体在议会中有代表。选举制度应该为公民参与提供激励——最重要的是,选举制度应该足够简单,让公民容易理解。在德国的特殊背景下,他们还应该组建一个规模不(太)庞大的议会。不用说,世界上没有任何选举规则能够同时满足这些部分相互矛盾的期望,而且这些要求中的每一项都可以在规范的基础上提出争议。由此可见,这也适用于选举改革,因为选举改革的目的可能是为了弥补某一缺陷,但同时可能有意或无意地造成另一个缺陷。从技术的观点来看,选举规则管制和经常限制选举参与以及代表的形式。选举规则的改革会改变政党和候选人的基本原理,影响选民的行为,并最终影响议会的组成。因此,人们不应该盲目地修补选举制度,特别是在选举过程的完整性不再被视为理所当然的时候。改革选举制度需要彻底审查改革对上述目标的影响以及选举制度的(可感知的)质量。选举制度定义了民主的游戏规则,因此通常应该保持稳定。然而,在德国,人们讨论了许多选举改革,其中一些改革近年来已经实施。有人可能会说,选举改革正在如火如荼地进行。拟议或实施的改革涉及一系列问题,包括选举公式、投票年龄要求和妇女代表性。其中一些是由政党政治引发的,另一些是由法院的决定引发的
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Alive and Kicking: Electoral Reform in Germany Introduction to the Special Issue
Electoral systems should produce not a single but multiple desirable outcomes. They should ensure that (stable) governments can be formed by concentrating power and increase (or at least not decrease) the legitimacy of governments. Electoral systems should also produce parliaments that reflect and represent voters’ preferences as precisely as possible, while at the same time ensuring that geographical regions or societal groups are represented in parliament. Electoral systems should provide incentives for citizens to participate – and on top of all of that, they should be simple enough to be easily understood by them. In the specifically German context, they should also produce a parliament that is not (too) oversized. Needless to say, no electoral rules in the world can fulfil these partly contradictory expectations simultaneously and each of these demands can be disputed on normative grounds. By implication, this also applies to electoral reforms, as they might be designed to heal a particular deficiency, but might at the same time create another one – intentionally or unintentionally. From a technical point of view, electoral rules regulate and frequently constrain electoral participation as well as patterns of representation. A reform of electoral rules changes the rationale of parties and candidates, affects voters’ behaviour, and ultimately the composition of parliaments. Hence, one should not mindlessly tinker with electoral systems, especially in times in which the perceived integrity of the electoral process can no longer be taken for granted. Reforming an electoral system requires a thorough examination of what a reform would imply for the abovementioned goals and the (perceived) quality of an electoral system. Electoral systems define the rules of the game in a democracy and hence should generally remain stable. In Germany, however, many electoral reforms have been debated and some of them have been implemented in recent years. Electoral reforms are alive and kicking, one could say. Proposed or implemented reforms touch upon a range of issues including electoral formulas, voting age requirements, and the representation of women. Some of them were triggered by party politics, others by decisions of the
求助全文
通过发布文献求助,成功后即可免费获取论文全文。 去求助
来源期刊
German Politics
German Politics POLITICAL SCIENCE-
CiteScore
3.80
自引率
14.30%
发文量
40
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
copy
已复制链接
快去分享给好友吧!
我知道了
右上角分享
点击右上角分享
0
联系我们:info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术官方微信