滇西北摩梭民居中外婆家的意义、变迁与挑战

IF 0.2 4区 艺术学 0 ARCHITECTURE
Huichao Feng, Jieling Xiao, Yun Gao, Fan Xia
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引用次数: 0

摘要

本研究探讨当代中国背景下摩梭文化的认同与变迁。摩梭人是居住在靠近西藏边境的高原地区的一个少数民族。作为摩梭民居的价值和建筑形式的中心,祖母的房子在本研究中被探索,以了解如何通过空间组织来表达身份,从房屋、装饰、家具、陈设到日常活动、生命周期事件和仪式。2017年4月,通过民族志观察和对来自5个摩梭人家庭的23名家庭成员的访谈,收集了他们对祖母房子的看法的数据。图纸也被用来作为一种方法来理解和分析祖母的房子的内部和建筑特征。外婆家保留下来的有意义的元素包括女性和男性的柱子、低矮的门、壁炉、赞巴拉、国庄石和斯托、后屋和木瓦屋顶。这些元素构成了祖母家建筑的“常量”,有助于促进传统摩梭住宅固有的连续性和一致性,在建筑形式中体现摩梭文化和价值观。本文提出的方法和研究结果旨在对祖母的房子及其空间演变进行全面的研究/调查,并就这座建筑的命运展开辩论。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The meanings, changes, and challenges of the Grandmother’s house in Mosuo vernacular dwellings in Northwest Yunnan
This study investigates the Mosuo culture identity and transitions in the context of contemporary China. The Mosuo people are a small ethnic group who live in the highland regions close to the border with Tibet. At the center of values and architectural forms of Mosuo dwellings, the Grandmother’s house is explored in this study to see how identity is expressed through spatial organization, from houses, ornamentation, furniture, and furnishings to daily activities, life cycle events, and rituals. In April 2017, data was collected through ethnographical observations and interviews with 23 family members from five Mosuo households on their perceptions of the Grandmother’s house. Drawings were also used as a method to understand and analyze interior and architectural features of the Grandmother’s house. Elements of the Grandmother’s house that are meaningful and preserved include the female and male columns, low doors, hearths, Zambala, Guozhuang stone and Situo, the back room, and wood shingle roof. These elements constitute a “constant” in the construction of a Grandmother’s house and serve to promote the continuity and consistency inherent in traditional Mosuo dwelling, embodying Mosuo culture and values in the built form. The methods and findings presented in this paper aim to provide a comprehensive study/investigation of the Grandmother’s house and its spatial evolution, and to start a debate on the fate of this building.
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