了解低密度狐狸种群中狂犬病的持续性

IF 1.3 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q3 ECOLOGY
E. J. Moran, N. Lecomte, P. Leighton, A. Hurford
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引用次数: 3

摘要

北极狐及其苔原栖息地是研究狂犬病病毒流行的独特系统。与报告狂犬病地方性的临界密度(KT)约为1狐狸/km2的理论计算相反,北极狂犬病在低于该密度的情况下持续存在。KT=1只狐狸/km2的计算假设整个景观中狐狸密度均匀,易感狐狸和受感染狐狸之间不受限制地混合。我们假设,由资源分布或社会结构引起的空间异质性可能导致狂犬病流行的地区,即使区域或景观水平上的平均狐狸密度低于KT。为了扩大围绕北极狂犬病持续性的有限研究,我们通过两个斑块结构来研究北极狂犬病。我们发现,北极狂犬病可以在异质景观中持续存在,其中平均携带能力低于同质景观中特有性所需的阈值携带能力。高传播率进一步促进了异质景观中低承载力地区的狂犬病流行,这可能是由于非繁殖狐狸(即浮游动物),并且当斑块之间的移动仅限于潜伏狐狸和受感染狐狸时。我们的研究结果表明,当平均携带量低至0.25只狐狸/km2时,狂犬病可能会在异质景观中持续存在。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Understanding Rabies Persistence in Low-Density Fox Populations
ABSTRACT Arctic fox (Vulpes lagopus) and its tundra habitat are a unique system for the study of rabies virus epidemics. Contrary to theoretical calculations reporting a critical density (KT) of approximately 1 fox/km2 for rabies endemicity, arctic rabies persists at densities below this. The calculation of KT = 1 fox/km2 assumes uniform fox density across the landscape and unrestricted mixing between susceptible and infected foxes. We hypothesize that spatial heterogeneity arising from resource distribution or social structure may result in regions where rabies is endemic, even though average fox densities at the regional or landscape-level are below KT. To expand upon the limited body of research surrounding arctic rabies persistence, we examine arctic rabies via a two-patch structure. We find that arctic rabies can persist in heterogeneous landscapes where the mean carrying capacity is below the threshold carrying capacity required for endemicity in homogeneous landscapes. Rabies endemicity in low-carrying capacity regions within heterogeneous landscapes is further facilitated by high transmission rates, potentially due to non-breeding foxes (i.e. floaters), and when between-patch movement is restricted to latent and infected foxes. Our results suggest that rabies may persist in heterogeneous landscapes when the mean carrying capacity is as low as 0.25 foxes/km2.
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来源期刊
Ecoscience
Ecoscience 环境科学-生态学
CiteScore
2.80
自引率
0.00%
发文量
13
审稿时长
>36 weeks
期刊介绍: Écoscience, is a multidisciplinary journal that covers all aspects of ecology. The journal welcomes submissions in English or French and publishes original work focusing on patterns and processes at various temporal and spatial scales across different levels of biological organization. Articles include original research, brief communications and reviews.
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