The relative Fresnel goos-Hänchen phase crossover and its applications in quantum computation

In this work, we present the relative Fresnel (Goos-Hänchen) phase crossover between the total internal reflection and diffusion regimes by employing polarization tomography. This powerful technique not only enables us to access information about the amplitude and relative phase of the state for total reflection but also facilitates the identification of the transition between these regimes. In all cases, the experimental data are in very good agreement with the theoretical predictions. As an application, we propose the use of the GH phase to implement a phase gate, which is an essential requirement for universal computation. In this context, our system offers a more cost-effective and alternative set up to implement the phase gate and simulate compensator devices.