解读波尔杰的水平衡:Planinsko Polje(斯洛文尼亚)的例子

IF 1 4区 地球科学 Q4 GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
C. Mayaud, Blaž Kogovšek, F. Gabrovšek, Matej Blatnik, M. Petrič, N. Ravbar
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引用次数: 4

摘要

Poljes是平坦封闭的岩溶洼地,容易发生定期洪水。洪水可能高达数米,持续数月,严重破坏人类基础设施。为了预测达到的最高水位,需要实施波杰水平衡。这项技术遇到了一个困难,即流经许多堰的流入和流出的重要部分是未测量的,因为准确测量随着水位上升而临时激活的众多泉水和堰是一项挑战。这项工作的目的是看看这个问题是否能够得到解决,以及波杰水平衡是否能够重建。为此,典型的Dinaric polje在其表面和附近的水活跃洞穴中安装了几个水位站。将polje表面的1*1m数字高程模型与两个主要泉水的水位和流入记录相结合,可以评估洪水量的变化并重建水平衡。在观测期内达到的最高总流入值约为140-150 m3/s,其中三分之一未经测量。此外,可以确定大型estavelles群对polje流入和流出的影响,并有助于表征流出,其值在65至75 m3/s之间。最后,波杰洪水泛滥表面的强降雨显示是一个暂时的重要流入源。水平衡分析得出的值已被用作数值模型中的输入和校准数据,该模型再现了polje及其周围含水层的洪水动力学。结果验证了polje水平衡和概念水文地质模型。他们证明了将水位测量与数字高程模型相结合来监测洪水的重要性。该方法可以应用于输入和输出信号叠加的复杂方式的其他poljes驱油。最后,讨论了如果polje没有测量网络或可用资金有限,需要优先配备的地方。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Deciphering the water balance of poljes: example of Planinsko Polje (Slovenia)
Poljes are flat closed karst depressions prone to regular flooding. The floods can be several meters high, last for months and damage significantly human infrastructures. To predict the maximum level reached, the polje water balance needs to be implemented. This technique encounters the difficulty that important part of the inflow and outflow flowing through many poljes is ungauged, as it is challenging to measure accurately the numerous springs and ponors activating temporarily with the rise of water level. This work aims to see whether this problem can be handled and the polje water balance reconstituted. To do so, a typical Dinaric polje is equipped with several water level stations installed over its surface and in the nearby water active caves. Combining a 1*1m digital elevation model of the polje surface with water levels and inflow records of the main two springs allowed assessing the variation of flooded volume and reconstructing the water balance. The highest total inflow values reached during the observed period were of about 140-150 m3/s, with up to a third of it being ungauged. In addition, the effect of a large estavelles group on the polje inflow and outflow could be identified, and helped to characterize the outflow, with values comprised between 65 and 75 m3/s. Finally, intense rainfall over the polje flooded surface showed to be a temporary important source of inflow. The values found by the water balance analysis have been used as input and calibration data in a numerical model reproducing the flood dynamics in the polje and its surrounding aquifer. Results validated both polje water balance and conceptual hydrogeological model. They justify the significance of combining water level measurements with a digital elevation model to monitor the floods. The method can be applied to other poljes flooding in a complex way of superposed input and output signals. Finally, the places to be equipped in priority if the polje has no measurement network or if available funding is limited are discussed.
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来源期刊
Acta Carsologica
Acta Carsologica 地学-地球科学综合
CiteScore
1.50
自引率
14.30%
发文量
0
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Karst areas occupy 10-20 % of ice-free land. Dissolution of rock by natural waters has given rise to specific landscape and underground. Karst surface features and caves have attracted man''s curiosity since the dawn of humanity and have been a focus to scientific studies since more than half of millennia. Acta Carsologica publishes original research papers and reviews, letters, essays and reports covering topics related to specific of karst areas. These comprise, but are not limited to karst geology, hydrology, and geomorphology, speleology, hydrogeology, biospeleology and history of karst science.
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