Filtraje robusto de señales débiles de fenómenos reales

In a large number of real-life scenarios it is required to process desired signals that are significantly immersed into background noise: tectonic signals from the entrails of the earth, signals coming from the far away cosmos, biometric telemetry signals, distant acoustic signals, noninvasive neural interfaces and so on. The purpose of this paper is to present the description of a robust and efficient platform for the real time filtering of signals deeply immersed in noise (rather weak signals) with rather different nature. The proposed strategy is based on two principles: the chaotic modelling of the signals describing the physical phenomena and the application of filtering strategies based on the theory of non-linear dynamical systems. Considering as a study case seismic signals, fetal electrocardiogram signals, voice-like signals and radio frequency interference signals, this experimental work shows that the proposed methodology is efficient (with mean squared error values less than 1%) and robust (the filtering structure remains the same although the phenomenological signals are drastically different). It turns out that the presented methodology is very attractive for the real time detection of weak signals in practical applications because it offers a high filtering precision with a minimum computational complexity and short processing times.