重新审视了极度濒危的红额金刚鹦鹉的繁殖和全球种群规模

IF 1.5 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q3 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION
S. Herzog, T. Boorsma, Guido Saldaña-Covarrubias, Tomás Calahuma-Arispe, Teodoro Camacho-Reyes, D. Dekker, Suzanne Edwards de Vargas, Máximo García-Cárdenas, V. H. García-Solíz, Jazmín M. Quiroz-Calizaya, Sayda Quispe-Solíz de Dekker, Marcia M. Salvatierra-Gómez, R. Vargas, Rodrigo W. Soria-Auza
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引用次数: 1

摘要

摘要“极度濒危”红额金刚鹦鹉是玻利维亚安第斯山脉中南部季节性干旱、雨水笼罩的山谷的特有物种。该地区大部分地区的偏远和难以接近,阻碍了对该物种全球、当地和繁殖种群规模的可靠数据的严格收集。然而,这些数据对于有效的保护和管理是必不可少的。据估计,在20世纪80年代初,金刚鹦鹉的数量高达5000只,迄今为止最新的彻底调查报告称,2011年,总共只有807只金刚鹦鹉,繁殖种群比例约为20%,分布在8个繁殖区和6个觅食区,分为4个基因簇。十年后,我们通过增加调查工作和地理覆盖范围,重新评估了该物种的种群规模和繁殖分布。六个团队同时调查了该物种在四个流域的整个已知繁殖范围的不同部分,重点是筑巢地点。我们估计全球金刚鹦鹉种群规模为1160只,繁殖种群比例为23.8-27.4%(138-159对),并发现了四个新的繁殖区。流域和繁殖区在金刚鹦鹉的巢对和总数量上差异很大。Mizque流域拥有53%的物种繁殖和41.5%的全球种群,繁殖种群比例最高,为30.7–34.9%;Pilcomayo流域的数值最低(分别为6%、8.5%和14.1-18.2%)。四个记录在案的基因簇(亚群)中有两个分别拥有50多个繁殖个体。2011年记录的八个繁殖区中,有两个在2021年被发现无人居住。2011年,每个繁殖区的筑巢对数量与2021年的数量相关性很差,不同年份的繁殖活动时间也不同。我们的新数据表明,红额金刚鹦鹉不再符合国际自然保护联盟红色名录中“极度濒危”物种的标准,应该将其降级为“濒危”物种
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Breeding and global population sizes of the Critically Endangered Red-fronted Macaw Ara rubrogenys revisited
Summary The ‘Critically Endangered’ Red-fronted Macaw is endemic to seasonally dry, rain-shadowed valleys in the south-central Andes of Bolivia. The remoteness and inaccessibility of most of this region have hampered the rigorous collection of reliable range-wide data on the species’ global, local and breeding population sizes. Such data are imperative, however, for effective conservation and management. Estimated to number up to 5,000 birds in the early 1980s, the most recent and thorough survey to date reported a total of only 807 macaws and a breeding population fraction of about 20% in 2011, disjunctly distributed across eight breeding and six foraging areas and divided into four genetic clusters. Ten years later, we reassessed the species’ population sizes and breeding distribution with increased survey effort and geographic coverage. Six teams simultaneously surveyed different sections of the species’ entire known breeding range in four watersheds focusing on nesting sites. We estimated a global population size of 1,160 macaws, a breeding population fraction of 23.8–27.4% (138–159 nesting pairs) and discovered four new breeding areas. Watersheds and breeding areas differed widely in nesting pair and total macaw numbers. The Mizque watershed held 53% of the species’ breeding and 41.5% of its global population and had the highest breeding population fraction of 30.7–34.9%; the Pilcomayo watershed obtained the lowest values (6%, 8.5% and 14.1–18.2%, respectively). Two of the four documented genetic clusters (subpopulations) each held well over 50 breeding individuals. Two of the eight breeding areas documented in 2011 were found unoccupied in 2021. Numbers of nesting pairs per breeding area in 2011 were poorly correlated with those in 2021, and timing of breeding activities also differed between years. Our new data indicate that the Red-fronted Macaw no longer meets IUCN Red List criteria for ‘Critically Endangered’ species and that it should be downlisted to ‘Endangered.’
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来源期刊
CiteScore
3.40
自引率
6.20%
发文量
50
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Bird Conservation International is a quarterly peer-reviewed journal that seeks to promote worldwide research and action for the conservation of birds and the habitats upon which they depend. The official journal of BirdLife International, it provides stimulating, international and up-to-date coverage of a broad range of conservation topics, using birds to illuminate wider issues of biodiversity, conservation and sustainable resource use. It publishes original papers and reviews, including targeted articles and recommendations by leading experts.
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