Aurang Zeb, Fazli Akram, Muhammad Habib, Qamar Iqbal, Amir Ullah, Ihsan Ullah, Nasir Ali, S. J. Milne, Muhammad Sheeraz, Conrad Ingram, Shahid Iqbal, Fayaz Hussain, Adnan Younis, P. T. Tho, Chang Won Ahn
{"title":"揭示了铌掺杂对(K, Bi)(Mg, Ti, Nb)O3陶瓷晶体结构和机电性能的影响","authors":"Aurang Zeb, Fazli Akram, Muhammad Habib, Qamar Iqbal, Amir Ullah, Ihsan Ullah, Nasir Ali, S. J. Milne, Muhammad Sheeraz, Conrad Ingram, Shahid Iqbal, Fayaz Hussain, Adnan Younis, P. T. Tho, Chang Won Ahn","doi":"10.1007/s10832-023-00321-1","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Nb-modified lead-free ceramics (K<sub>0.48</sub>Bi<sub>0.52</sub>)(Mg<sub>0.02</sub>Ti<sub>0.98−<i>x</i></sub>Nb<sub><i>x</i></sub>)O<sub>3</sub>, (KBT-BMTNb<i>x</i> with <i>x</i> = 0.00 − 0.05) were synthesized by a conventional solid-state reaction route followed by furnace cooling. The effects of Nb-doping on the structural properties and electrical properties of KBT-BMTNb<i>x</i> ceramics have been investigated. The X-ray diffraction pattern indicates a mixed tetragonal and cubic phase for the pure KBT-BMTNb<i>x</i> ceramics. Therefore, a large piezoelectric actuator coefficient <i>d</i><sub>33</sub><sup>*</sup> ≈ 700 pm/V, piezoelectric sensor coefficient (<i>d</i><sub>33</sub> ≈ 133 pC/N) along with remnant polarization (<i>P</i><sub>r</sub> ≈ 17.5 µC/cm<sup>2</sup>), maximum electromechanical strain ≈ 0.35% and maximum temperature (<i>T</i><sub>m</sub> ≈ 336 ºC) were obtained for KBT-BMTNb<i>x</i>. However, with Nb-doping, a compositionally driven phase transformation occurred from mixed rhombohedral and tetragonal phases to cubic phase. Because of the excess Nb-doping in the KBT-BMT ceramics, the grain size suddenly decreased, as a result, the long-range ferroelectric phase was converted into a short-range relaxor phase. Hence, a low dielectric loss <i>tan</i>δ ≈ 0.02 was achieved at <i>x</i> = 0.02 composition. This superior dielectric performance is correlated to the crystal structure morphotropic phase boundary, optimum grain size (≈ 2 μm), maximum lattice distortion, and soft-ferroelectric effect induced by the donor doping. The main aim of recent research is to investigate <i>P</i><sub>r</sub>, <i>d</i><sub>33</sub>, <i>d</i><sub>33</sub><sup>*</sup>, <i>S</i><sub>max,</sub> and reduced tanδ for practical applications in the real world.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":625,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Electroceramics","volume":"51 2","pages":"122 - 132"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7000,"publicationDate":"2023-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Revealing the influence of Nb-doping on the crystal structure and electromechanical properties of (K, Bi)(Mg, Ti, Nb)O3 ceramics\",\"authors\":\"Aurang Zeb, Fazli Akram, Muhammad Habib, Qamar Iqbal, Amir Ullah, Ihsan Ullah, Nasir Ali, S. J. Milne, Muhammad Sheeraz, Conrad Ingram, Shahid Iqbal, Fayaz Hussain, Adnan Younis, P. T. Tho, Chang Won Ahn\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s10832-023-00321-1\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><p>Nb-modified lead-free ceramics (K<sub>0.48</sub>Bi<sub>0.52</sub>)(Mg<sub>0.02</sub>Ti<sub>0.98−<i>x</i></sub>Nb<sub><i>x</i></sub>)O<sub>3</sub>, (KBT-BMTNb<i>x</i> with <i>x</i> = 0.00 − 0.05) were synthesized by a conventional solid-state reaction route followed by furnace cooling. The effects of Nb-doping on the structural properties and electrical properties of KBT-BMTNb<i>x</i> ceramics have been investigated. The X-ray diffraction pattern indicates a mixed tetragonal and cubic phase for the pure KBT-BMTNb<i>x</i> ceramics. Therefore, a large piezoelectric actuator coefficient <i>d</i><sub>33</sub><sup>*</sup> ≈ 700 pm/V, piezoelectric sensor coefficient (<i>d</i><sub>33</sub> ≈ 133 pC/N) along with remnant polarization (<i>P</i><sub>r</sub> ≈ 17.5 µC/cm<sup>2</sup>), maximum electromechanical strain ≈ 0.35% and maximum temperature (<i>T</i><sub>m</sub> ≈ 336 ºC) were obtained for KBT-BMTNb<i>x</i>. However, with Nb-doping, a compositionally driven phase transformation occurred from mixed rhombohedral and tetragonal phases to cubic phase. Because of the excess Nb-doping in the KBT-BMT ceramics, the grain size suddenly decreased, as a result, the long-range ferroelectric phase was converted into a short-range relaxor phase. Hence, a low dielectric loss <i>tan</i>δ ≈ 0.02 was achieved at <i>x</i> = 0.02 composition. This superior dielectric performance is correlated to the crystal structure morphotropic phase boundary, optimum grain size (≈ 2 μm), maximum lattice distortion, and soft-ferroelectric effect induced by the donor doping. The main aim of recent research is to investigate <i>P</i><sub>r</sub>, <i>d</i><sub>33</sub>, <i>d</i><sub>33</sub><sup>*</sup>, <i>S</i><sub>max,</sub> and reduced tanδ for practical applications in the real world.</p></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":625,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Journal of Electroceramics\",\"volume\":\"51 2\",\"pages\":\"122 - 132\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":1.7000,\"publicationDate\":\"2023-07-18\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Journal of Electroceramics\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"88\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10832-023-00321-1\",\"RegionNum\":4,\"RegionCategory\":\"材料科学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"MATERIALS SCIENCE, CERAMICS\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Electroceramics","FirstCategoryId":"88","ListUrlMain":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10832-023-00321-1","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"MATERIALS SCIENCE, CERAMICS","Score":null,"Total":0}
Revealing the influence of Nb-doping on the crystal structure and electromechanical properties of (K, Bi)(Mg, Ti, Nb)O3 ceramics
Nb-modified lead-free ceramics (K0.48Bi0.52)(Mg0.02Ti0.98−xNbx)O3, (KBT-BMTNbx with x = 0.00 − 0.05) were synthesized by a conventional solid-state reaction route followed by furnace cooling. The effects of Nb-doping on the structural properties and electrical properties of KBT-BMTNbx ceramics have been investigated. The X-ray diffraction pattern indicates a mixed tetragonal and cubic phase for the pure KBT-BMTNbx ceramics. Therefore, a large piezoelectric actuator coefficient d33* ≈ 700 pm/V, piezoelectric sensor coefficient (d33 ≈ 133 pC/N) along with remnant polarization (Pr ≈ 17.5 µC/cm2), maximum electromechanical strain ≈ 0.35% and maximum temperature (Tm ≈ 336 ºC) were obtained for KBT-BMTNbx. However, with Nb-doping, a compositionally driven phase transformation occurred from mixed rhombohedral and tetragonal phases to cubic phase. Because of the excess Nb-doping in the KBT-BMT ceramics, the grain size suddenly decreased, as a result, the long-range ferroelectric phase was converted into a short-range relaxor phase. Hence, a low dielectric loss tanδ ≈ 0.02 was achieved at x = 0.02 composition. This superior dielectric performance is correlated to the crystal structure morphotropic phase boundary, optimum grain size (≈ 2 μm), maximum lattice distortion, and soft-ferroelectric effect induced by the donor doping. The main aim of recent research is to investigate Pr, d33, d33*, Smax, and reduced tanδ for practical applications in the real world.
期刊介绍：
While ceramics have traditionally been admired for their mechanical, chemical and thermal stability, their unique electrical, optical and magnetic properties have become of increasing importance in many key technologies including communications, energy conversion and storage, electronics and automation. Electroceramics benefit greatly from their versatility in properties including:
-insulating to metallic and fast ion conductivity
-piezo-, ferro-, and pyro-electricity
-electro- and nonlinear optical properties
-feromagnetism.
When combined with thermal, mechanical, and chemical stability, these properties often render them the materials of choice.
The Journal of Electroceramics is dedicated to providing a forum of discussion cutting across issues in electrical, optical, and magnetic ceramics. Driven by the need for miniaturization, cost, and enhanced functionality, the field of electroceramics is growing rapidly in many new directions. The Journal encourages discussions of resultant trends concerning silicon-electroceramic integration, nanotechnology, ceramic-polymer composites, grain boundary and defect engineering, etc.
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