与弯曲血蜱有关的细菌及其抗生素防治

C. Bouchet, Q. Deng, S. Umair
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引用次数: 3

摘要

羊体内寄生是绵羊生产损失的一个重要原因,通常通过驱虫淋来控制。需要更好的理解和替代控制策略来对抗日益增加的阻力。本研究调查了弯曲血蜱野外菌株中寄生菌的存在情况。从绵羊的皱胃中采集成虫雌虫。采用长时间或短时间的酶孵育方法,从体外产卵的成年雌虫和寄生虫卵中提取DNA。采用通用细菌和厚壁菌门特异性引物进行聚合酶链反应(PCR);对PCR产物进行克隆和测序。序列分析显示,大部分序列属于瘤胃细菌,以瘤胃球菌为主。在4个虫卵和成虫样本中检测到链球菌,序列与数据库中的链球菌序列具有很高的同源性。梭状芽胞杆菌仅在成虫样本中检测到,而涅夫斯基菌和假单胞菌仅在卵样本中检测到。对氨苄西林(Amp)、庆大霉素(Gen)和四环素(Tet)三种抗生素进行了单独或联合试验,以证实可通过杀死常驻细菌来控制憎恶线虫寄生虫的概念。用幼虫迁移抑制实验来验证这一假设。Tet(10和20 mM)对幼虫的死亡率约为30%。Amp和Gen对幼虫的死亡率没有显著影响,但当它们联合使用时,会导致幼虫的显著死亡率,这表明抗生素通过靶向寄生菌来控制寄生虫的作用。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Bacteria Associated with the Parasitic Nematode Haemonchus contortus and Its Control Using Antibiotics
Internal parasitism, a significant cause of production losses in sheep, is routinely controlled by anthelmintic drenches. A better understanding and alternative control strategies are needed to combat the increasing resistance. This study investigated the presence of resident bacteria in the field strain of Haemonchus contortus. Adult female worms were collected from the abomasa of sheep. DNA was extracted from adult female worms and parasite eggs laid in vitro using long or shorter enzymatic incubation methods. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) was performed using universal bacterial and phylum Firmicutes-specific primers; PCR products were cloned and sequenced. The analysis of the sequences shows a majority of the sequences belong to rumen bacteria, mainly Ruminococcus. Streptococcus was detected in four eggs, and adult worm samples and the sequences had a very high homology to the Streptococcus sequences in the database. Clostridium was detected only in the adult samples, whereas Nevskia and Pseudomonas were detected only in the egg samples. Three antibiotics, Ampicillin (Amp), Gentamycin (Gen) and Tetracycline (Tet), individually or combination, were tested to establish proof of concept that abomasal nematode parasites can be controlled by killing the resident bacteria. A larval migration inhibition assay was used to test the hypothesis. Tet (10 and 20 mM) resulted in around 30% mortality in larvae. Amp and Gen did not result in significant levels of larval mortality but, when given in combination, resulted in significant mortality of the larvae, suggesting the role of antibiotics in controlling the parasites by targeting the resident bacteria.
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