CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM INJURIES IN PATIENTS WITH COVID-19. Review

Relevance. The outbreak of new coronavirus disease (COVID-19) caused by SARS-CoV-2 is the biggest medical problem of the 21st century. Every year, humanity is faced with new diseases of viral etiology, the unpredictable occurrence and severe manifestations of which often lead to the stupor of scientists and physicians around the world. Although the virus primarily affects the lungs, and the clinical manifestations of the disease are dominated by respiratory symptoms, but it significantly affects the risk of development and clinical course of cardiovascular disease. It should be noted that heart disease with COVID-19 can be observed in patients with chronic diseases of the cardiovascular system, as well as in patients who had no signs of heart disease before this infection. Objective: to consider current data on cardiovascular disease in patients with COVID-19. Methods. Analysis of latest data presented in PubMed by keywords "COVID-19", "SARS-CoV-2", "pandemic", "cardiovascular disease", "myocardial infarction". Search depth – 2 years (2020-2022), with retrospective deepening of some positions until 2003. Results. Coronavirus interacts with the cardiovascular system on many levels, increasing the incidence of patients with concomitant cardiovascular disease and provoking myocardial damage and dysfunction. In addition, cardiovascular disease in patients with coronavirus disease may pose an increased risk of mortality. Therefore, an understanding of the damage to SARS-CoV-2 to the cardiovascular system and its underlying mechanisms is of the utmost importance to ensure that the treatment of these patients is timely and effective and that mortality is reduced. Conclusions. COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, is a global pandemic that is evolving in real time. Concomitant cardiovascular disease is common in patients on COVID-19, and these patients have a higher risk of morbidity and mortality. Therefore, in addition to routine examinations for coronavirus disease, patients with cardiovascular disease should receive ancillary studies of the heart and blood vessels, such as cardiac biomarkers, cardiac imaging, electrocardiography, echocardiography and angiography.