美国西南部森林生态系统侵蚀控制结构储存的野火沉积物的碳和氮封存潜力的初步评估

IF 3.5 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
J. Callegary, L. Norman, C. Eastoe, J. Sankey, A. Youberg
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引用次数: 7

摘要

热解碳(PyC)在全球碳循环中的作用仍不完全确定。在地貌和PyC起源的土壤或海洋沉积物等“终端”储层中,已经做了大量工作来表征PyC。人们对溪流和河流等中间水库知之甚少,也很少有研究对山坡和溪流侵蚀控制结构(ECS)进行表征,这些结构旨在捕获因野火而破坏稳定的土壤和沉积物。在这项初步研究中,比较了有机碳(OC)、总氮(N)和稳定同位素参数δ13C和δ15N,以评估野火后沉积物(喷口)中碳和氮固存的机会,这些沉积物是ECS在短暂和间歇性河道中沉积的升级物。结合火灾历史、捕获沉积物的年龄、地形位置和土地覆盖,分析了OC、N、δ13C和δ15N的变化。对两个流域的样本进行比较表明,ECS中的OC和N较高,最近捕获的沉积物位于烧伤严重程度较高地区的下游。这可能是由于(1)更高的燃烧严重程度导致更大的径流、侵蚀和OC(有机物)向ECS的迁移,以及(2)储存在更老ECS后面的更老沉积物中OC和N的累积损失更大。此外,C/N、δ13C和δ15N的结果表明,与较新ECS相比,储存在较旧ECS的沉积物中的有机物在微生物处理的生物量中富集。我们使用OC水平较低的流域的值,保守估计ECS对OC的潜在年均捕获量为3至4公吨,在7.7的流域中,总潜在储量为293至368公吨 平方公里,2000个ECS的总面积估计为2.6 公顷(203-255公吨/公顷)。我们将OC结果外推到地区层面(美国西南部),以估计使用这些做法的碳封存潜力。我们估计潜力为0.01 Pg,在生态系统服务和促进碳储存的区域努力方面具有重要意义。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Preliminary Assessment of Carbon and Nitrogen Sequestration Potential of Wildfire-Derived Sediments Stored by Erosion Control Structures in Forest Ecosystems, Southwest USA
The role of pyrogenic carbon (PyC) in the global carbon cycle is still incompletely characterized. Much work has been done to characterize PyC on landforms and in soils where it originates or in “terminal” reservoirs such as marine sediments. Less is known about intermediate reservoirs such as streams and rivers, and few studies have characterized hillslope and in-stream erosion control structures (ECS) designed to capture soils and sediments destabilized by wildfire. In this preliminary study, organic carbon (OC), total nitrogen (N), and stable isotope parameters, δ13C and δ15N, were compared to assess opportunities for carbon and nitrogen sequestration in postwildfire sediments (fluvents) deposited upgradient of ECS in ephemeral- and intermittent-stream channels. The variability of OC, N, δ13C, and δ15N were analyzed in conjunction with fire history, age of captured sediments, topographic position, and land cover. Comparison of samples in 2 watersheds indicates higher OC and N in ECS with more recently captured sediments located downstream of areas with higher burn severity. This is likely a consequence of (1) higher burn severity causing greater runoff, erosion, and transport of OC (organic matter) to ECS and (2) greater cumulative loss of OC and N in older sediments stored behind older ECS. In addition, C/N, δ13C, and δ15N results suggest that organic matter in sediments stored at older ECS are enriched in microbially processed biomass relative to those at newer ECS. We conservatively estimated the potential mean annual capture of OC by ECS, using values from the watershed with lower levels of OC, to be 3 to 4 metric tons, with a total potential storage of 293 to 368 metric tons in a watershed of 7.7 km2 and total area of 2000 ECS estimated at 2.6 ha (203-255 metric tons/ha). We extrapolated the OC results to the regional level (southwest USA) to estimate the potential for carbon sequestration using these practices. We estimated a potential of 0.01 Pg, which is significant in terms of ecosystem services and regional efforts to promote carbon storage.
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来源期刊
Air Soil and Water Research
Air Soil and Water Research ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES-
CiteScore
7.80
自引率
5.30%
发文量
27
审稿时长
8 weeks
期刊介绍: Air, Soil & Water Research is an open access, peer reviewed international journal covering all areas of research into soil, air and water. The journal looks at each aspect individually, as well as how they interact, with each other and different components of the environment. This includes properties (including physical, chemical, biochemical and biological), analysis, microbiology, chemicals and pollution, consequences for plants and crops, soil hydrology, changes and consequences of change, social issues, and more. The journal welcomes readerships from all fields, but hopes to be particularly profitable to analytical and water chemists and geologists as well as chemical, environmental, petrochemical, water treatment, geophysics and geological engineers. The journal has a multi-disciplinary approach and includes research, results, theory, models, analysis, applications and reviews. Work in lab or field is applicable. Of particular interest are manuscripts relating to environmental concerns. Other possible topics include, but are not limited to: Properties and analysis covering all areas of research into soil, air and water individually as well as how they interact with each other and different components of the environment Soil hydrology and microbiology Changes and consequences of environmental change, chemicals and pollution.
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