阿拉伯国家的实体器官移植医学:一个关注伦理方面的叙述性综述

IF 0.3 Q3 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL
K. Bel’eed-Akkari, Khadija Hafidh, I. Hajjaji, S. Beshyah, E. Elkhammas
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引用次数: 0

摘要

在过去的60年里,伦理问题一直是移植医学的中心问题。对于以活体捐献作为主要器官来源,阿拉伯国家并非没有伦理上的担忧。对伦理考虑的演变没有全面的回顾。这篇叙事性综述旨在研究过去25年来的英国医学文献。材料和方法:这是一篇来自两个在线数据库(PubMed和Scopus)的国际文献的叙述性综述。“伦理与移植”的组合搜索词与阿拉伯国家的个别国家的名称结合在一起。有关文献以简明扼要的专题叙述。结果:审查过程中出现的主题包括全球对移植伦理的关注,涉及中东和北非(MENA)地区。一些关于中东和北非地区移植实践现状的报告涉及临床实践、组织和伦理考虑。器官特异性报告主要集中在肾和肝移植。其他几位研究人员讨论了卫生保健专业人员对移植和移植后护理的知识和态度。移植医学的伦理问题集中在器官(主要是肾脏)的捐赠和经济动机上。一些作者强调了《关于防止贩运人体器官的伊斯坦布尔宣言》对移植医学实践的影响。作为一个穆斯林占多数的地区,一些作者从伊斯兰的角度讨论了移植的伦理和医学方面的问题。结论:在阿拉伯国家,移植的伦理问题正在演变。它们大多与宗教和文化背景有关。医学界、伊斯兰学者和立法者之间的广泛对话必须继续使脑死亡和捐赠者赔偿等概念保持一致。此外,需要协调一致的努力来告知公众并进一步推动移植议程。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Solid organ transplantation medicine in Arab countries: A Narrative Review Focused on Ethical Aspects
Introduction: Ethical issues have been at the center of transplantation medicine for the past 60 years. Arab countries are not without ethical concerns with living donations as the dominant type of organ source. There is no comprehensive review of the ethical consideration evolvement. This narrative review aims to examine the English medical literature over the past 25 years. Materials and Methods: This is a narrative review of the international literature from two online databases (PubMed and Scopus). The combined search term “Ethics and Transplantation” was coupled with the individual names of the countries of the Arab countries. Relevant literature was narrated in a concise thematic account. Results: The themes that emerged from the review process included global concern on transplantation ethics that touched on the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. Some reports on transplantation practice status in the MENA region address clinical practice, organization, and ethical considerations. Organ-specific reports focused on renal and liver transplantation. Several other researchers addressed the knowledge and attitudes of health-care professionals of transplantation and posttransplantation care. The ethics of transplantation medicine has focused on the donation and financially motivated provision of organs (mainly kidneys). A few authors have underscored the implications of the Istanbul declaration on the prevention of trafficking of human organs to the practice of transplant medicine. Being a Muslim-majority region, several authors addressed the ethical and medicolegal aspects of transplantation from an Islamic perspective. Conclusions: Ethical issues in transplantation are evolving in Arab countries. They are mostly related to religious and cultural backgrounds. A broader dialog between the medical community, Islamic scholars, and legislators must continue to align concepts such as brain death and donor compensation. Furthermore, a concerted effort is required to inform the public and further the transplant agenda.
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