劳工组织世界就业方案关于发展和移徙的研究议程

IF 1.5 Q2 POLITICAL SCIENCE

Global Social Policy Pub Date : 2022-04-14 DOI:10.1177/14680181221079202

Jill Jensen

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引用次数: 3

摘要

国际劳工组织（ILO）寻求就“公平移民议程”达成共识，同时将发展目标与跨境移民工人的权利联系起来。由于国际移民的主要驱动因素与就业有关，这是本期特刊读者极为关注的话题。考虑到国家和地区之间的差异——劳动力派遣国和劳动力接收国之间的差异，推动这样的议程是复杂的，国际劳工组织的劳工标准几乎只适用于跨越国际边界的工人。各国的目标是为其公民提供机会，用国际劳工组织几年前移民问题专家的话来说，与在国内获得体面工作相比，国际流动仍然是第二好的选择。挑战在于如何在那些缺乏资源和资本但有大量人在寻找有报酬的工作的国家培养机会。本文评价了20世纪70年代和80年代关注发展和移民的一个历史例子。将国内移民的动态、经济增长和较贫穷国家的劳动力市场结构联系起来，我评估了源于这个时代研究的两个重要概念：剩余劳动力和人类基本需求。通过审查历史文件，包括档案材料和大量报告、文件和战略指导方针，我试图描述国际劳工组织旨在同时处理贫困、移民和发展问题的项目和建议。

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The ILO World Employment Program research agenda on development and migration

The International Labour Organization (ILO) seeks to build consensus for a ‘fair migration agenda’ while linking development goals with the rights of migrant workers across national borders. Since the main drivers of international migration are employment-related, this is a topic of extreme concern for the readers of this special issue. Given the differences between nations and regions – between labor sending and labor receiving countries – promoting such an agenda is complicated, and ILO labor standards apply almost exclusively to workers crossing international borders. Nations aim to provide opportunities for their citizens, and international movement, in the words of an ILO specialist in migration from years ago, remains a second-best option compared to securing decent work at home. The challenge is how to nurture opportunities in countries that lack the resources and capital but have ample numbers looking for remunerative work. This article evaluates an historical example of attention to both development and migration in the 1970s and 1980s. Linking the dynamics of domestic migration, economic growth, and the structure of labor markets in poorer nations, I evaluate two important concepts that stemmed from research of this era: surplus labor and basic human needs. Through review of historical documents, including archival material and a multiplicity of reports, papers, and strategy guidelines, I seek to describe ILO projects and proposals meant to deal, simultaneously, with poverty, migration, and development.

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来源期刊

Global Social Policy POLITICAL SCIENCE-

CiteScore

3.20

自引率

6.70%

发文量

期刊介绍： Global Social Policy is a fully peer-reviewed journal that advances the understanding of the impact of globalisation processes upon social policy and social development on the one hand, and the impact of social policy upon globalisation processes on the other hand. The journal analyses the contributions of a range of national and international actors, both governmental and non-governmental, to global social policy and social development discourse and practice. Global Social Policy publishes scholarly policy-oriented articles and reports that focus on aspects of social policy and social and human development as broadly defined in the context of globalisation be it in contemporary or historical contexts.