欧盟碳边界调整机制的法律探索

Q3 Social Sciences
R. Leal-Arcas, Manuliza Faktaufon, Anna Kyprianou
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引用次数: 3

摘要

2019年12月,欧盟委员会发布了一项应对气候变化的机制,即欧洲绿色协议。制定这项政策是为了实现2015年《巴黎气候变化协定》的目标,即沿着可持续发展和消除贫困的路线应对气候变化问题。在欧洲绿色协议的背景下,为实现欧盟雄心勃勃的计划而设想的关键工具之一是所谓的碳边界调整机制,它是本文的重点,被描述为试图监管欧盟边界外事务的“域外外联”。这篇文章试图回答的是,CBAM是否符合保护环境、应对气候变化以及增加全球经济福利和减少贫困的需要。本文概述了CBAM,分析了CBAM背后的基本原理以及第三方的各种疑虑。它将CBAM置于自由贸易的背景下,并考察CBAM是否符合多边贸易规则。然后,它提供了基于国际贸易和可持续发展原则的CBAM的设计。文章的结论是,总的来说,对CBAM的分析,特别是关于欧盟使其CBAM与贸易规则和气候变化目标相兼容的热情,表明各国在保护地球的同时保持经济价值的兴趣越来越大;它还表明了贸易在管理这些利益方面的重要性。碳边界调整机制、世贸组织、欧洲绿色协议、国际贸易、关贸总协定、可持续发展、适合55
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
A Legal Exploration of the European Union’s Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism
In December 2019, the European Commission released a mechanism to fight climate change, namely the European Green Deal. This policy was put in place to materialize the goals of the Paris Agreement on Climate Change of 2015, that is, to combat the issue of climate change along the lines of sustainable development and fight poverty. In the context of the European Green Deal, one of the key instruments envisaged to achieve the ambitious plans of the European Union (EU) is the so-called Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM), which is the focus of this article and has been described as an ‘extraterritorial outreach’ for attempting to regulate matters outside the EU borders. This article seeks to answer is whether the CBAM is justified in line with the need to protect the environment and address climate change as well as increasing global economic welfare and reducing poverty. This article provides an overview of CBAM, analyses the rationale behind CBAM as well as the various misgivings from third parties. It contextualizes CBAM in the context of free trade and examines whether CBAM is consistent with multilateral trade rules. It then provides the design of a CBAM based on the principles of international trade and sustainable development. The article concludes that, overall, the analysis of CBAMs, particularly regarding the fervency of the EU to make its CBAM compatible with both trade rules and climate change objectives, demonstrates states’ growing interest in protecting the planet, while preserving economic values; it also indicates the importance of trade in managing those interests. Carbon border adjustment mechanism, WTO, European Green Deal, international trade, GATT, sustainable development, Fit for 55
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1.20
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