Konstruksi Kausatif Bahasa Batak Toba dan Bahasa Mandailing: Kajian Tipologis Bahasa

yaitu subtipe verba yang memiliki keunikan dan subtipe (3) yaitu verba berbeda dalam membentuk konstruksi kausatif. ini juga mengenal kausatif langsung dan tidak langsung. Kausatif morfologis dalam Batak Toba ditandai oleh pemarkah kausatif afiks (-hon), (-i), (pa-/par-), (pa—hon), dan (pa-), sedangkan dalam bahasa Mandailing ditandai oleh pemarkah kausatif (ma-kon), (pa –kon), (pa-on), (pa-), (tar-). Dalam bahasa Batak Toba dan bahasa Mandailing ditemukan kausatif analitik yang konstruksinya dibentuk oleh predikat yang mengandung verba (intransitif dan transitif), adjektiva, dan nomina serta menunjukkan peristiwa kausal dengan dua predikat (sebab dan akibat) yang terpisah. Abstract This research is a typology study of the Toba Batak languages and Mandailing languages. Both languages are cognate languages with similar language structure and typology. Until now, these two languages are still actively used in the North Sumatra region. This study specifically compares the causative construction in the Toba Batak language and the Mandailing language by selecting the same verbs in both languages and comparing them. This research is a qualitative research. Data was pored out by speaking and listening technique. Furthermore, the data is examined using the equivalent method and the method of testing tested with triangulation techniques. The results showed that the causative in the Batak Toba language and Mandailing Language in general have the same form. Both of these languages have lexical causative, morphological causative and analytic causative. Lexical causatives in BT characterized by affective causative markers (-hon), (-i), (pa- / par-), (pa-hon), and (pa-) whereas in Mandailing language are marked by causative markers ( ma-kon ), (pa-kon), (pa-on), (pa-), (tar-). In Batak Toba and Mandailing languages, analytical causatives are found whose construction is formed by predicates containing verbs (intransitive and transitive), adjectives, and nouns and shows causal events with two separate predicates (cause and effect).