{"title":"2019年野火对吠叫猫头鹰尼诺克斯的大树和牡鹿的影响,使新南威尔士州东北部里士满河下游地区的领土变得更加广阔","authors":"D. Milledge, T. Soderquist","doi":"10.7882/az.2022.019","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"\n In November and December 2019, wildfires in the lower Richmond River district of north-eastern New South Wales burned large tracts of forest including the territories of three pairs of Barking Owls Ninox connivens where breeding activity and two active nests were being monitored. Fortunately, an inventory of large trees and stags (≥60 cm diameter at breast height (dbh)) had been conducted on site prior to the impact of the fires. The two nests were destroyed and many large trees and stags were lost or severely damaged. In the four months following the fires, two 1ha plots were established at the centre of each of the three owl territories. Assessments of these plots demonstrated that 22.6% of the large trees and stags were lost or severely damaged, with a third of this total being ≥100 cm dbh. Despite wide variation in the pre-fire canopy tree structure and floristics, and fire extent and severity among the three territory centres, the percentage large tree loss or severe damage was not substantially different among the territories. Overall, there was a slightly higher percentage of smooth-barked canopy tree species lost or damaged compared to rough-barked species, but this result was biased by the absence of rough-barked species from one of the territory centres. The factor that appeared to be the major influence on large tree and stag loss or severe damage across the owl territories was the pre-fire presence of medium or large-sized basal fire-scars. A total of 72.7% of trees and stags with medium or large basal fire-scars was lost compared with a total of only 12.9% of trees and stags with small basal fire-scars. The loss of, or severe damage to 22.6% of large trees and stags recorded by this study from one wildfire event is considered unsustainable given the increase in frequent severe fires predicted by current climate change modelling. Pro-active protection measures are required to counter such losses of large trees and stags in these forests, and examples are provided of some specific measures recommended for this purpose.","PeriodicalId":35849,"journal":{"name":"Australian Zoologist","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2022-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Impacts of the 2019 wildfires on large trees and stags in Barking Owl Ninox connivens territories in the lower Richmond River district, north-eastern New South Wales\",\"authors\":\"D. Milledge, T. Soderquist\",\"doi\":\"10.7882/az.2022.019\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"\\n In November and December 2019, wildfires in the lower Richmond River district of north-eastern New South Wales burned large tracts of forest including the territories of three pairs of Barking Owls Ninox connivens where breeding activity and two active nests were being monitored. Fortunately, an inventory of large trees and stags (≥60 cm diameter at breast height (dbh)) had been conducted on site prior to the impact of the fires. The two nests were destroyed and many large trees and stags were lost or severely damaged. In the four months following the fires, two 1ha plots were established at the centre of each of the three owl territories. Assessments of these plots demonstrated that 22.6% of the large trees and stags were lost or severely damaged, with a third of this total being ≥100 cm dbh. Despite wide variation in the pre-fire canopy tree structure and floristics, and fire extent and severity among the three territory centres, the percentage large tree loss or severe damage was not substantially different among the territories. Overall, there was a slightly higher percentage of smooth-barked canopy tree species lost or damaged compared to rough-barked species, but this result was biased by the absence of rough-barked species from one of the territory centres. The factor that appeared to be the major influence on large tree and stag loss or severe damage across the owl territories was the pre-fire presence of medium or large-sized basal fire-scars. A total of 72.7% of trees and stags with medium or large basal fire-scars was lost compared with a total of only 12.9% of trees and stags with small basal fire-scars. The loss of, or severe damage to 22.6% of large trees and stags recorded by this study from one wildfire event is considered unsustainable given the increase in frequent severe fires predicted by current climate change modelling. Pro-active protection measures are required to counter such losses of large trees and stags in these forests, and examples are provided of some specific measures recommended for this purpose.\",\"PeriodicalId\":35849,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Australian Zoologist\",\"volume\":\" \",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2022-05-10\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Australian Zoologist\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.7882/az.2022.019\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"Agricultural and Biological Sciences\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Australian Zoologist","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.7882/az.2022.019","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
摘要
2019年11月和12月,新南威尔士州东北部里士满河下游地区的野火烧毁了大片森林,包括三对吠叫猫头鹰尼诺克斯connivens的领地,他们正在监测那里的繁殖活动和两个活跃的巢穴。幸运的是,在火灾发生之前,已经在现场进行了大型树木和牡鹿(胸围直径≥60厘米)的清查。两个巢穴被毁,许多大树和牡鹿丢失或严重受损。在火灾发生后的四个月里,在三个猫头鹰领地的中心各建立了两个1公顷的地块。对这些样地的评估表明,22.6%的大树和牡鹿消失或严重受损,其中三分之一的树木和牡鹿≥100 cm dbh。尽管3个区域中心在火灾前树冠结构和区系、火灾程度和严重程度上存在较大差异,但各区域间大树损失或严重损害的百分比并无显著差异。总体而言,与粗糙树皮的树种相比,光滑树皮的冠层树种损失或受损的比例略高,但这一结果因其中一个领土中心缺乏粗糙树皮的树种而存在偏差。在猫头鹰的领地上,对大树和雄鹿的损失或严重损害的主要影响因素似乎是火灾前出现的中型或大型基底火痕。有中、大型基岩火痕的树木和牡鹿共损失72.7%,而有小型基岩火痕的树木和牡鹿仅损失12.9%。考虑到当前气候变化模型预测的严重火灾频繁增加,本研究记录的22.6%的大树和牡鹿在一次野火事件中损失或严重受损被认为是不可持续的。需要采取积极主动的保护措施,以防止这些森林中大树和牡鹿的这种损失,并提供了为此目的建议的一些具体措施的例子。
Impacts of the 2019 wildfires on large trees and stags in Barking Owl Ninox connivens territories in the lower Richmond River district, north-eastern New South Wales
In November and December 2019, wildfires in the lower Richmond River district of north-eastern New South Wales burned large tracts of forest including the territories of three pairs of Barking Owls Ninox connivens where breeding activity and two active nests were being monitored. Fortunately, an inventory of large trees and stags (≥60 cm diameter at breast height (dbh)) had been conducted on site prior to the impact of the fires. The two nests were destroyed and many large trees and stags were lost or severely damaged. In the four months following the fires, two 1ha plots were established at the centre of each of the three owl territories. Assessments of these plots demonstrated that 22.6% of the large trees and stags were lost or severely damaged, with a third of this total being ≥100 cm dbh. Despite wide variation in the pre-fire canopy tree structure and floristics, and fire extent and severity among the three territory centres, the percentage large tree loss or severe damage was not substantially different among the territories. Overall, there was a slightly higher percentage of smooth-barked canopy tree species lost or damaged compared to rough-barked species, but this result was biased by the absence of rough-barked species from one of the territory centres. The factor that appeared to be the major influence on large tree and stag loss or severe damage across the owl territories was the pre-fire presence of medium or large-sized basal fire-scars. A total of 72.7% of trees and stags with medium or large basal fire-scars was lost compared with a total of only 12.9% of trees and stags with small basal fire-scars. The loss of, or severe damage to 22.6% of large trees and stags recorded by this study from one wildfire event is considered unsustainable given the increase in frequent severe fires predicted by current climate change modelling. Pro-active protection measures are required to counter such losses of large trees and stags in these forests, and examples are provided of some specific measures recommended for this purpose.
Australian ZoologistAgricultural and Biological Sciences-Animal Science and Zoology
CiteScore
2.50
自引率
0.00%
发文量
43
期刊介绍:
The Royal Zoological Society publishes a fully refereed scientific journal, Australian Zoologist, specialising in topics relevant to Australian zoology. The Australian Zoologist was first published by the Society in 1914, making it the oldest Australian journal specialising in zoological topics. The scope of the journal has increased substantially in the last 20 years, and it now attracts papers on a wide variety of zoological, ecological and environmentally related topics. The RZS also publishes, as books, and the outcome of forums, which are run annually by the Society.