自闭症特征与慢性肌肉骨骼疼痛的相关性:一项基于自我选择人群的调查

Laura Ryan, Harriet Beer, Ella Thomson, Edward Philcox, C. Kelly
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引用次数: 1

摘要

慢性肌肉骨骼疼痛在年轻人中越来越常见。许多人表现出一系列额外的身体和心理特征,并符合纤维肌痛的标准。行动过度、肠易激综合征和偏头痛是常见的合并症。这些都在一定程度上是由自主神经系统功能障碍介导的,通常包括疲劳、睡眠不足和脑雾。慢性肌肉骨骼疼痛患者经常描述焦虑、社交退缩和一系列自闭症特征,而在疼痛诊所就诊的患者中,自闭症患者的比例过高。这项研究旨在探索在自我选择的社区人群中描述的疼痛程度和自闭症特征之间的相关性。这项研究使用了一种非实验性的相关设计,从448名成年人(18-60岁)的志愿者样本中收集数据,这些人完成了在线自我报告问卷,评估了自闭症特征(RAADS-R评分)、纤维肌痛症状(ACR标准)和行动过度(Beighton检验)。使用相关分析和线性回归来检验每种障碍之间的关系。使用参数和非参数技术对数据进行分析,以评估关系的流行率、强度和显著性、群体内变异的原因和中介作用。我们自行选择的社区人口平均年龄为24岁,77%为女性。显著自闭症、纤维肌痛和行动过度的患病率均远高于预期,分别为63.4%、40.6%和43.7%。那些被认定为非二进制或反式的人的比率最高。纤维肌痛与自闭症特征显著相关,自主神经功能障碍比慢性疼痛更能预测自闭症。回归分析显示,高活动性部分介导了自闭症特征与纤维肌痛之间的关系。这是第一项为纤维肌痛和自闭症特征之间的直接联系提供证据的社区研究。尽管是自我选择的,但在我们以年轻女性为主的人群中的研究结果证实,这些情况很常见,具有自闭症特征的人患纤维肌痛的风险显著增加,尤其是如果他们行动过度的话。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Autistic Traits Correlate with Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain: A Self-Selected Population Based Survey
Chronic musculoskeletal pain is an increasingly frequent feature in young people. Many exhibit a range of additional physical and psychological features and fulfil criteria for fibromyalgia. Hypermobility, irritable bowel syndrome and migraine are frequent comorbid conditions. These are all in part mediated by dysfunction of the autonomic nervous system and commonly include fatigue, poor sleep and brain fog. Anxiety, social withdrawal and a range of autistic traits are frequently described by those with chronic musculoskeletal pain, and autistic people are over-represented among patients attending pain clinics. This study was designed to explore the correlation between the degree of pain and autistic traits described within a self-selected community-based population. The study used a nonexperimental, correlational design with data collected from a volunteer sample of 448 adults (aged 18-60) who completed online self-report questionnaires assessing each of autistic traits (RAADS-R score), fibromyalgia symptoms (ACR criteria) and hypermobility (Beighton’s test). Correlation analysis and linear regressions were used to test the relationships between each disorder. Data was analysed using parametric and non-parametric techniques to assess prevalence, strength and significance of relationships, causes of variance within populations and mediations. Our self-selected community population had a mean age of 24 years and was 77% female. The prevalence of significant autistic traits, fibromyalgia and hypermobility were all much greater than expected at 63.4%, 40.6% and 43.7% respectively. Those identifying as non-binary or trans had the highest rates. Fibromyalgia was significantly associated with autistic traits, with dysautonomia a stronger predictor than chronic pain. Regression analyses revealed hypermobility partially mediated the relationship between autistic traits and fibromyalgia. This is the first community study to provide evidence for a direct association between fibromyalgia and autistic traits. Although self-selected, the findings in our predominantly young female population confirm that these conditions are common and that those with autistic traits are at significantly increased risk of developing fibromyalgia, especially if they are hypermobile.
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