技术变化对新西兰家庭护理服务的经济影响

IF 1.7 Q2 REHABILITATION
J. Hennessy, A. Rodrigues
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引用次数: 4

摘要

目的新西兰人口正在老龄化;与年轻群体相比,65岁及以上人群的比例预计将从2016年的15%增加到2068年的约30%。由于养老金和医疗需求增加等因素,人口结构的这种变化必然会对经济资源施加一些压力。本文的目的是探索技术的使用对管理新西兰开始的灰色海啸具有经济效益。尽管技术在医疗保健部门仍未得到充分利用,但有充分的理由相信它可以用于帮助就地老龄化。然而,其成本效益尚未得到明确证明。设计/方法/方法使用ProQuest、EBSCO、CINAHL和Google Scholar等搜索引擎进行文献搜索。使用的关键词是就地老龄化、技术、辅助生活技术、老龄化、远程护理和远程医疗。选定的论文是公开的。为了确定成本评估文献是否具有可接受的质量,根据Drummond等人(2005)制定的公认的经济评估清单对其进行了评估。发现从人口统计数据中可以明显看出,鉴于预计的财政和人口数据,需要及时干预,以适当管理老龄化人口。事实证明,技术是有益的,尤其是在积极老龄化的情况下。它很少被使用的一个重要原因是缺乏证明其成本效益的彻底研究。涉及经济评估主题的研究结果喜忧参半,一些标签技术具有成本效益,另一些则反对这一发现。研究表明,即使是最简单的技术形式,如电话、移动健康应用程序或计步器,也可以有效。研究局限性/影响大多数研究和资金都用于支持体弱的成年人,而应该同样关注那些即将步入老年的人。由于目前的数据表明人们的寿命更长,早期干预有利于减少残疾患者的寿命以及相关的疾病负担成本。实际意义医疗保健政策制定者需要采取更积极主动的措施,将技术纳入其中,而不是推迟使用,直到大型研究证明其有益,因为考虑到技术的发展速度,这是不可行的。研究表明,即使是最简单的技术形式,如电话、移动健康应用程序或计步器,也可以有效。社会影响技术提高了人们的意识,让人们在健康计划中更加自律,从而增进健康。早期干预还意味着依靠和参与初级护理来管理疾病,这在经济上比推迟护理直到疾病进展更有利,在这种情况下,必须寻求二级或三级护理。独创性/价值这是老年护理领域的一个新兴领域,只是开始拓展潜在的视野。研究表明,随着年龄的增长,相当一部分人更喜欢呆在自己的家里,随着技术的进步,这可能会成为现实。然而,卫生规划者在发展卫生和社会服务时需要考虑技术。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Economic impacts of changing technologies on New Zealand homecare delivery
Purpose The population of New Zealand (NZ) is ageing; the proportion of people aged 65 and over as compared with the younger age groups is expected to increase from 15 per cent in 2016 to approximately 30 per cent by 2068. This change in demographics is bound to apply some pressure on economic resources due to factors such as superannuation and increased healthcare needs. The purpose of this paper is to explore the use of technology as being economically beneficial for managing the grey tsunami that has commenced in NZ. Though technology is still not being utilised to its full capacity in the healthcare sector, there is a reason enough to believe that it could be used in assisting with ageing in place. However, its cost-effectiveness has not been clearly demonstrated. Design/methodology/approach A literature search was performed using search engines such as ProQuest, EBSCO, CINAHL and Google Scholar. Keywords used were ageing in place, technology, assisted living technology, ageing, telecare and telehealth. The papers selected were publicly available. To determine if the cost evaluation literature were of acceptable quality, they were assessed according to a well-recognised economic evaluation checklist by Drummond et al. (2005). Findings As is evident from the demographic figures, there needs to be timely intervention to appropriately manage the ageing population given the projected financial and population figures. Technology has proved beneficial especially with positive ageing. A significant reason for it hardly being used is the lack of thorough studies that demonstrate its cost-effectiveness. The studies that have tackled the subject of economic evaluation have provided mixed results with some labelling technology as cost-effective and the others opposing this finding. Studies have shown that even the simplest form of technology such as a phone call, mobile health application or a pedometer can be effective. Research limitations/implications The majority of research and funding is directed towards supporting the frail adults instead there should be equal focus on those who are reaching the old age group. Since current data suggest that people are living longer, early intervention is beneficial to reduce the number of years lived with disabilities along with associated costs of disease burden. Practical implications Healthcare policymakers need to take more proactive steps through incorporating technology rather than deferring its use until proven beneficial by large studies as this is not feasible given the rate at which technology is developing. Studies have shown that even the simplest form of technology such as a phone call, mobile health application or a pedometer can be effective. Social implications Technology increases awareness and allows people to be more disciplined with their health plan which increases good health. Early intervention also means relying and involving the primary level of care to manage the disease which would be more economically beneficial than postponing care until the disease progresses in which case secondary or tertiary levels of care must be sought. Originality/value This is an emerging field in the area of aged care and only begins to expand potential horizons. Studies show that a significant number of the population prefer to stay in their own homes as they age and that with the improvement in technology this could become a reality. However, health planners need to be considering technology when developing health and social services.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
4.10
自引率
9.10%
发文量
21
期刊介绍: The Journal of Enabling Technologies (JET) seeks to provide a strong, insightful, international, and multi-disciplinary evidence-base in health, social care, and education. This focus is applied to how technologies can be enabling for children, young people and adults in varied and different aspects of their lives. The focus remains firmly on reporting innovations around how technologies are used and evaluated in practice, and the impact that they have on the people using them. In addition, the journal has a keen focus on drawing out practical implications for users and how/why technology may have a positive impact. This includes messages for users, practitioners, researchers, stakeholders and caregivers (in the broadest sense). The impact of research in this arena is vital and therefore we are committed to publishing work that helps draw this out; thus providing implications for practice. JET aims to raise awareness of available and developing technologies and their uses in health, social care and education for a wide and varied readership. The areas in which technologies can be enabling for the scope of JET include, but are not limited to: Communication and interaction, Learning, Independence and autonomy, Identity and culture, Safety, Health, Care and support, Wellbeing, Quality of life, Access to services.
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