同轴线粉进料定向能沉积:熔池温度和微观结构

IF 2.4 3区 工程技术 Q3 ENGINEERING, MANUFACTURING
Yue Zhou, F. Ning
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引用次数: 0

摘要

在这项工作中,我们开发了一种新的增材制造模式,同轴线粉定向能沉积(CWP-DED),以实现高制造灵活性和效率的金属或复合材料的制造。本文选择不锈钢(SS) 316L作为代表材料来验证CWP-DED工艺的可行性。采用实验和分析相结合的方法研究了进料速率对CWP-DED过程熔池热力学的影响。在预测熔池温度的分析模型中,考虑了进料丝和粉末对熔池的热贡献。并通过热成像的实验结果进行了验证。此外,我们还揭示了不同喂料速度组合下的凝固形态和结晶组织的演变。最后,对不同成形件的显微硬度和拉伸性能进行了测试。结果表明,粉末进给量对熔池温度的影响大于丝料进给量。熔池温度随粉末进给量的增加而先升高后降低。在较低的粉末进给量下获得了良好的组织,产生了较高的显微硬度和较大的抗拉强度。本文揭示了成形金属零件的工艺、热变化、显微组织和力学性能之间的关系,为这种新型的DED工艺提供了基本的认识。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Directed Energy Deposition with Coaxial Wire-Powder Feeding: Melt Pool Temperature and Microstructure
In this work, we developed a new additive manufacturing paradigm, coaxial wire-powder fed directed energy deposition (CWP-DED), to enable the fabrication of metals or composites with high manufacturing flexibility and efficiency. Herein, stainless steel (SS) 316L was selected as a representative material to validate the feasibility of CWP-DED process. Effects of feed rates on the melt pool thermodynamics during the CWP-DED process were investigated using experimental and analytical approaches. Thermal contributions of fed wire and powders to the melt pool were involved in the analytical model to predict the melt pool temperature. The experimental results from thermal imaging were also obtained for validation. Besides, we uncovered the evolution of solidification morphology and crystallographic texture with different combinations of wire and powder feed rates. Finally, the microhardness and tensile performance of different as-built parts were tested. The results showed that the powder feed rate played a more dominant role in determining the melt pool temperature than the wire feed rate. Melt pool temperature experienced an initial increase and then decrease with the powder feed rate. A fine microstructure was achieved at a low powder feed rate, producing higher microhardness and larger tensile strength. This paper revealed the relations among process, thermal variation, microstructures, and mechanical properties of as-built metallic parts to provide a fundamental understanding of this novel DED process.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
6.80
自引率
20.00%
发文量
126
审稿时长
12 months
期刊介绍: Areas of interest including, but not limited to: Additive manufacturing; Advanced materials and processing; Assembly; Biomedical manufacturing; Bulk deformation processes (e.g., extrusion, forging, wire drawing, etc.); CAD/CAM/CAE; Computer-integrated manufacturing; Control and automation; Cyber-physical systems in manufacturing; Data science-enhanced manufacturing; Design for manufacturing; Electrical and electrochemical machining; Grinding and abrasive processes; Injection molding and other polymer fabrication processes; Inspection and quality control; Laser processes; Machine tool dynamics; Machining processes; Materials handling; Metrology; Micro- and nano-machining and processing; Modeling and simulation; Nontraditional manufacturing processes; Plant engineering and maintenance; Powder processing; Precision and ultra-precision machining; Process engineering; Process planning; Production systems optimization; Rapid prototyping and solid freeform fabrication; Robotics and flexible tooling; Sensing, monitoring, and diagnostics; Sheet and tube metal forming; Sustainable manufacturing; Tribology in manufacturing; Welding and joining
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