五、金砖国家合作的第一个15年

IF 0.4 Q4 INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
J. Kirton, M. Larionova
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引用次数: 5

摘要

在2009年的第一届金砖国家峰会上,来自不同大陆的主要新兴市场国家(巴西、俄罗斯、印度和中国)领导人承诺建立民主透明的经济架构,支持20国集团改革国际金融机构、恢复增长和深化集团内合作的努力。从那时起,关于金砖国家的文献(2010年扩大到包括南非)中表达的观点从严厉驳斥金砖国家是一个毫无意义的投资银行家的首字母缩写,到将其认定为一个对全球经济秩序产生深远影响的新权力中心。作者对金砖国家不断发展的制度动态、表现以及对成员国合作和全球治理的贡献进行了最新的系统评估。通过定性和定量的方法,他们确定了金砖国家13次年度峰会在三个五年主办周期中取得的主要成就,领导人就933项集体承诺达成的协议,以及各国对这些承诺的总体遵守率为77%。此外,他们强调了该小组议程扩展到34个主题,以新开发银行为标志的金砖国家内部机构建设过程,以及其广泛的第二轨道网络,包括商业、智库和学术、工会、议员、青年和民间金砖国家。在金砖国家成立的头15年里,尽管面临外部和国内挑战、成员国之间的紧张关系,以及2020年以来新冠肺炎疫情和随之而来的社会经济危机的前所未有的考验,金砖国家仍扩大并保持了其体制动力、深度和表现。作为一个对话和政策协调论坛,它已成熟为一个具有全面政治安全、社会经济和人文议程的跨区域治理机构。其密集的机构网络、灵活性、连续性以及只在所有成员国都能接受的问题上前进的基本原则是金砖国家韧性和发展的重要因素。尽管扩大其议程阻碍了深化合作,但各年度主席的任期相当连续。尽管金砖国家坚定不移地致力于建立公平的国际秩序,但金砖国家内部合作的进展比国际架构改革的进展更为明显。其以协商一致为基础的工作方法有时限制了该小组的领导能力。然而,金砖国家证明了其作为促进成员国双边关系和方法趋同的平台的价值,促进了它们在全球治理中的作用,并推动了一个更具包容性、代表性和有效的国际制度体系。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The First Fifteen Years of the BRICS
At the first BRIC(S) summit in 2009, leaders of the major emerging market countries (Brazil, Russia, India, and China) from different continents committed to build a democratic and transparent economic architecture, support the efforts of the Group of 20 (G20) to reform the international financial institutions, restore growth, and deepen intra-group cooperation. Since then, views expressed in the literature on BRICS (expanded to include South Africa in 2010) have ranged from the harsh dismissal of BRICS as a meaningless investment banker’s acronym to its identification as a new power centre with a profound impact on the global economic order. The authors offer an updated, systematic assessment of BRICS’ evolving institutional dynamics, performance, and contribution to cooperation among its members, and to global governance as a whole. Using qualitative and quantitative methods, they identify the major achievements of each of the BRICS’ 13 annual summits through the three five-year hosting cycles, the leaders’ agreements on 933 collective commitments, and their countries’ compliance with them at a level of 77% overall. Further, they highlight the expansion of the group’s agenda into 34 subjects, the process of building the intra-BRICS institutions with the New Development Bank (NDB) as its hallmark, and its extensive second track networks including Business, Think Tanks and Academic, Trade Unions, Parliamentarian, Youth and Civil BRICS. In its first 15 years, BRICS expanded and sustained its institutional dynamics, depth, and performance despite external and domestic challenges, tensions between the members, and the unprecedented tests of the COVID19 pandemic and the ensuing socio-economic crises since 2020. Established as a dialogue and policy coordination forum, it matured into a transregional governance institution with a comprehensive political-security, socio-economic, and people-to-people agenda. Its dense institutional networks, flexibility, continuity, and foundational principle of moving forward only on issues acceptable to all members were vital factors for BRICS’ resilience and evolution. Although broadening its agenda inhibited deepening cooperation, there was considerable continuity across the annual presidencies. Progress on intra-BRICS cooperation was more tangible than that on international architecture reform, despite the group’s unwavering commitment to an equitable international order. Its consensus-based working methods sometimes constrained the group’s leadership. However, BRICS proved its value as a platform for facilitating its members’ bilateral relations and convergence in approaches, promoting their role in global governance, and advancing a more inclusive, representative, and effective international institutional system.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
1.30
自引率
33.30%
发文量
24
期刊介绍: The journal mission is to disseminate Russian and international research in global governance, international cooperation on a wide range of social and economic policies; as well as to create a professional framework for discussion of trends and prognoses in these areas. International Organisations Research Journal publishes academic and analytical papers of Russian and international authors on activities of international multilateral institutions: G8, G20, BRICS, OECD, the World Bank, IMF, WTO, UN, and alliances: European Union, Eurasian Economic Union, Shanghai Cooperation Organisation and others. Analytical and research papers on international cooperation in higher education, trends in higher education developments at the national, regional and global levels are welcomed for reviewing and publication. The journal is aimed at researchers, analysts, practitioners in international affairs and world economics and at a wide audience interested in political issues of international affairs and global development. IORJ supports publications of graduate and postgraduate students, young researchers in Russia and abroad. All IORJ publications are peer-reviewed.
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