Measuring employment precariousness in gig jobs: A pilot study among food couriers in Brussels1.

Background: Within the extensive literature on precarious working conditions in the gig economy, remarkably little attention has been paid to how we can formally assess precarity. The few existing measurement instruments that seek to capture precarity in the gig economy assess the characteristics of platforms as job providers, but do not consider the situation of individual gig workers. Moreover, these approaches do not account for the different employment statuses of gig workers.

Objective: This research's objective was to adapt, test and validate the Employment Precariousness Scale (EPRES) to the context of food couriers in Belgium.

Methods: Fieldwork observations were combined with primary survey-data (N = 123). The scale was validated by testing reliability and external validity.

Results: Although the small sample size requires caution, the EPRES-gw (i.e., our adaptation for 'gig work') indicated sound reliability through sufficiently high internal consistency. The scale also showed good external validity through a significant positive correlation with poor well-being.

Conclusion: The scale's characteristics in empirical analyses compare to previous research using the EPRES among employees. The EPRES-gw is therefore a promising instrument for studying employment precariousness in gig jobs.