Ann-Sophie Lindqvist Bagge, Mats Lekander, Roger Olofsson Bagge, Anders Carlander
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Following constructs were measured: anxiety (Beck Anxiety Inventory), depression (Beck Depression Inventory-II), stress (Perceived Stress Scale-10 items), health-related quality of life (HRQOL[Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General Population]) and self-rated health (SRH) was assessed with a single-item question.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>When adjusting for age, sex, education, and income there were significantly higher levels of anxiety (M̂ = 9.15 vs. 8.48, <i>p</i> < 0.01) and depression (M̂ = 3.64 vs. 3.30, <i>p</i> = 0.03), lower levels of stress (M̂ = 14.06 vs. 14.91, <i>p</i> < 0.001), but worsened HRQOL (M̂ = 76.40 vs. 77.92, <i>p</i> < 0.01) and SRH (M̂ = 6.91 vs. 7.20, <i>p</i> < 0.001), observed in 2020 compared to 2019. For the negative effects seen in anxiety, depression, HRQOL, and SRH, higher income and education had a protective effect. The decrease in stress was also correlated with higher income.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The COVID-19 pandemic led to a small but significant worsening in mental health and well-being in the general Swedish population, where higher socioeconomic status seemed to have a protective effect.</p>","PeriodicalId":20718,"journal":{"name":"Psychology & Health","volume":" ","pages":"1787-1804"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4000,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Mental health, stress, and well-being measured before (2019) and during (2020) COVID-19: a Swedish socioeconomic population-based study.\",\"authors\":\"Ann-Sophie Lindqvist Bagge, Mats Lekander, Roger Olofsson Bagge, Anders Carlander\",\"doi\":\"10.1080/08870446.2023.2257747\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Compare mental health, stress, and well-being in the Swedish population as measured before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Repeated cross-sectional design using data measured before (Jan-2019; <i>n</i> = 2791) and during (Oct/Nov-2020; <i>n</i> = 2926) COVID-19 pandemic in Swedish population-representative cohorts. Following constructs were measured: anxiety (Beck Anxiety Inventory), depression (Beck Depression Inventory-II), stress (Perceived Stress Scale-10 items), health-related quality of life (HRQOL[Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General Population]) and self-rated health (SRH) was assessed with a single-item question.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>When adjusting for age, sex, education, and income there were significantly higher levels of anxiety (M̂ = 9.15 vs. 8.48, <i>p</i> < 0.01) and depression (M̂ = 3.64 vs. 3.30, <i>p</i> = 0.03), lower levels of stress (M̂ = 14.06 vs. 14.91, <i>p</i> < 0.001), but worsened HRQOL (M̂ = 76.40 vs. 77.92, <i>p</i> < 0.01) and SRH (M̂ = 6.91 vs. 7.20, <i>p</i> < 0.001), observed in 2020 compared to 2019. For the negative effects seen in anxiety, depression, HRQOL, and SRH, higher income and education had a protective effect. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
目标：比较新冠肺炎大流行前和大流行期间瑞典人口的心理健康、压力和幸福感。方法：使用之前测量的数据进行重复横断面设计（2019年1月；n = 2791）和期间（2020年10月/11月；n = 2926）瑞典人群代表性队列中的新冠肺炎大流行。测量了以下结构：焦虑（Beck焦虑量表）、抑郁（Beck抑郁量表II）、压力（感知压力量表-10项）、健康相关生活质量（HRQOL[癌症治疗的功能评估-一般人群]）和自我评定健康（SRH），用单项问题进行评估。结果：在对年龄、性别、教育程度和收入进行调整后，焦虑水平显著较高（M=9.15 vs.8.48，p p = 0.03），较低的应力水平（M=14.06 vs.14.91，p p p 结论：新冠肺炎大流行导致瑞典普通人口的心理健康和福祉小幅但显著恶化，较高的社会经济地位似乎具有保护作用。
Mental health, stress, and well-being measured before (2019) and during (2020) COVID-19: a Swedish socioeconomic population-based study.
Objectives: Compare mental health, stress, and well-being in the Swedish population as measured before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods: Repeated cross-sectional design using data measured before (Jan-2019; n = 2791) and during (Oct/Nov-2020; n = 2926) COVID-19 pandemic in Swedish population-representative cohorts. Following constructs were measured: anxiety (Beck Anxiety Inventory), depression (Beck Depression Inventory-II), stress (Perceived Stress Scale-10 items), health-related quality of life (HRQOL[Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General Population]) and self-rated health (SRH) was assessed with a single-item question.
Results: When adjusting for age, sex, education, and income there were significantly higher levels of anxiety (M̂ = 9.15 vs. 8.48, p < 0.01) and depression (M̂ = 3.64 vs. 3.30, p = 0.03), lower levels of stress (M̂ = 14.06 vs. 14.91, p < 0.001), but worsened HRQOL (M̂ = 76.40 vs. 77.92, p < 0.01) and SRH (M̂ = 6.91 vs. 7.20, p < 0.001), observed in 2020 compared to 2019. For the negative effects seen in anxiety, depression, HRQOL, and SRH, higher income and education had a protective effect. The decrease in stress was also correlated with higher income.
Conclusions: The COVID-19 pandemic led to a small but significant worsening in mental health and well-being in the general Swedish population, where higher socioeconomic status seemed to have a protective effect.
期刊介绍：
Psychology & Health promotes the study and application of psychological approaches to health and illness. The contents include work on psychological aspects of physical illness, treatment processes and recovery; psychosocial factors in the aetiology of physical illnesses; health attitudes and behaviour, including prevention; the individual-health care system interface particularly communication and psychologically-based interventions. The journal publishes original research, and accepts not only papers describing rigorous empirical work, including meta-analyses, but also those outlining new psychological approaches and interventions in health-related fields.
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