缓释维洛嗪治疗儿童注意缺陷/多动障碍的药代动力学评价

IF 3.9 3区 医学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
Ann Childress, Shelby Burton
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引用次数: 2

摘要

注意缺陷/多动障碍(ADHD)是儿童最常见的神经发育障碍,在多种情况下对功能产生负面影响。目前的治疗方法包括抑制多巴胺和去甲肾上腺素再摄取的兴奋剂,非兴奋剂去甲肾上腺素再摄取抑制剂(NRI)阿托西汀,以及α -2激动剂可乐定缓释(ER)和胍法辛ER。尽管这些药物有效,但一些患者对现有药物没有反应,或者可能会遇到耐受性问题,从而阻碍其使用。研究领域:维洛嗪是一种血清素去甲肾上腺素调节剂,在美国以外的地区作为一种有效的抗抑郁药使用了几十年,但由于需要每天多次给药,它的使用不再受欢迎。最近,美国食品和药物管理局(FDA)批准了一种ER维洛嗪制剂用于治疗多动症。综述了维洛嗪和维洛嗪ER的疗效、药代动力学和代谢。专家意见:维洛嗪ER是十多年来第一个被批准用于治疗多动症的非兴奋剂。虽然它们没有被直接比较,但维洛嗪ER的效应大小比兴奋剂所观察到的小。然而,它的药代动力学特性和耐受性使维洛嗪ER成为FDA批准的ADHD治疗的有用补充。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Evaluating the pharmacokinetics of extended release viloxazine in the treatment of children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

Introduction: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most common neurodevelopmental disorder of childhood and impacts function negatively in multiple settings. Current treatments include stimulants, which inhibit the reuptake of dopamine and norepinephrine, a nonstimulant norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (NRI) atomoxetine, and alpha-2 agonists clonidine extended release (ER) and guanfacine ER. Despite the effectiveness of these medications some patients do not respond to available drugs or may experience tolerability issues that hinder their use.

Areas covered: Viloxazine, a serotonin norepinephrine modulating agent, was used outside of the United States (U.S.) as an effective antidepressant for several decades, but its use fell out of favor due to the need for multiple daily dosing. An ER viloxazine formulation was recently approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of ADHD. The efficacy, pharmacokinetics and metabolism of viloxazine and viloxazine ER are reviewed.

Expert opinion: Viloxazine ER is the first nonstimulant approved to treat ADHD in more than a decade. Although they have not been directly compared, the effect size of viloxazine ER is less than has been observed for stimulants. However, its pharmacokinetic properties and tolerability make viloxazine ER a useful addition to the collection of FDA approved ADHD treatments.

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来源期刊
Expert Opinion on Drug Metabolism & Toxicology
Expert Opinion on Drug Metabolism & Toxicology 医学-生化与分子生物学
CiteScore
7.90
自引率
2.30%
发文量
62
审稿时长
4-8 weeks
期刊介绍: Expert Opinion on Drug Metabolism & Toxicology (ISSN 1742-5255 [print], 1744-7607 [electronic]) is a MEDLINE-indexed, peer-reviewed, international journal publishing review articles on all aspects of ADME-Tox. Each article is structured to incorporate the author’s own expert opinion on the scope for future development. The Editors welcome: Reviews covering metabolic, pharmacokinetic and toxicological issues relating to specific drugs, drug-drug interactions, drug classes or their use in specific populations; issues relating to enzymes involved in the metabolism, disposition and excretion of drugs; techniques involved in the study of drug metabolism and toxicology; novel technologies for obtaining ADME-Tox data. Drug Evaluations reviewing the clinical, toxicological and pharmacokinetic data on a particular drug. The audience consists of scientists and managers in the pharmaceutical industry, pharmacologists, clinical toxicologists and related professionals.
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