{"title":"伊斯坦布尔爆发的 COVID-19。","authors":"Nilüfer Aykaç, Osman Elbek","doi":"10.5152/TurkThoracJ.2022.21088","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The COVID-19 pandemic has demonstrated that the social determinants of health play a fundamental role in the course of the pandemic. This article aims to reveal the class dynamics of the COVID-19 epidemic in İstanbul, Turkey.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Spatial analysis and geographic information system data provided by İstanbul Metropolitan Municipality for March and April 2020 were used. Public transport mobility and turnstile data were analyzed. The data obtained were collated into thematic maps.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Between March 16 and 24, 2020, the use of public transportation declined with the tightening of movement restrictions. However, despite the restrictions, an increase in transportation density was observed between 6 and 9 am and between 5 and 7 pm. Although the overall mobility toward outside the city has fallen due to travel restrictions, it has been observed that exit mobility continued between Gebze and Kocaeli, both industrial centers where blue-collar jobs dominate. Most of the mobility in the city is observed in Avcılar, Bahçelievler, Esenyurt, and Küçükçekmece, which are mostly blue-collar residential districts. On the Asian side, activity was observed in Kurtköy, Pendik, Samandıra, Ümraniye, and Tuzla, areas where blue-collar workers predominantly reside. From March 25 to April 7, 2020, it was determined that the most intense activity areas of the blue-collar workers were Avcılar, Bahçelievler, Bağcılar, Çekmeköy, Esenyurt, Küçükçekmece, Ümraniye, and D-100 highway line.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The density in the use of public transportation rose during the hours corresponding to the working hours of the workers who had to continue working despite the pandemic. In addition, the physical movement of blue-collar workers continued despite the travel restrictions imposed along the city borders where they worked and resided. Our data point to the importance of social protection measures for workers in general, and blue-collar workers in particular, for the management of the pandemic.</p>","PeriodicalId":37452,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Thoracic Journal","volume":"23 1","pages":"63-69"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8000,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/41/ae/ttj-23-1-63.PMC9450054.pdf","citationCount":"1","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"COVID-19 Outbreak in İstanbul.\",\"authors\":\"Nilüfer Aykaç, Osman Elbek\",\"doi\":\"10.5152/TurkThoracJ.2022.21088\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The COVID-19 pandemic has demonstrated that the social determinants of health play a fundamental role in the course of the pandemic. This article aims to reveal the class dynamics of the COVID-19 epidemic in İstanbul, Turkey.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Spatial analysis and geographic information system data provided by İstanbul Metropolitan Municipality for March and April 2020 were used. Public transport mobility and turnstile data were analyzed. The data obtained were collated into thematic maps.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Between March 16 and 24, 2020, the use of public transportation declined with the tightening of movement restrictions. However, despite the restrictions, an increase in transportation density was observed between 6 and 9 am and between 5 and 7 pm. Although the overall mobility toward outside the city has fallen due to travel restrictions, it has been observed that exit mobility continued between Gebze and Kocaeli, both industrial centers where blue-collar jobs dominate. Most of the mobility in the city is observed in Avcılar, Bahçelievler, Esenyurt, and Küçükçekmece, which are mostly blue-collar residential districts. On the Asian side, activity was observed in Kurtköy, Pendik, Samandıra, Ümraniye, and Tuzla, areas where blue-collar workers predominantly reside. From March 25 to April 7, 2020, it was determined that the most intense activity areas of the blue-collar workers were Avcılar, Bahçelievler, Bağcılar, Çekmeköy, Esenyurt, Küçükçekmece, Ümraniye, and D-100 highway line.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The density in the use of public transportation rose during the hours corresponding to the working hours of the workers who had to continue working despite the pandemic. In addition, the physical movement of blue-collar workers continued despite the travel restrictions imposed along the city borders where they worked and resided. Our data point to the importance of social protection measures for workers in general, and blue-collar workers in particular, for the management of the pandemic.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":37452,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Turkish Thoracic Journal\",\"volume\":\"23 1\",\"pages\":\"63-69\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.8000,\"publicationDate\":\"2022-01-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/41/ae/ttj-23-1-63.PMC9450054.pdf\",\"citationCount\":\"1\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Turkish Thoracic Journal\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.5152/TurkThoracJ.2022.21088\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q4\",\"JCRName\":\"RESPIRATORY SYSTEM\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Turkish Thoracic Journal","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.5152/TurkThoracJ.2022.21088","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"RESPIRATORY SYSTEM","Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: The COVID-19 pandemic has demonstrated that the social determinants of health play a fundamental role in the course of the pandemic. This article aims to reveal the class dynamics of the COVID-19 epidemic in İstanbul, Turkey.
Material and methods: Spatial analysis and geographic information system data provided by İstanbul Metropolitan Municipality for March and April 2020 were used. Public transport mobility and turnstile data were analyzed. The data obtained were collated into thematic maps.
Results: Between March 16 and 24, 2020, the use of public transportation declined with the tightening of movement restrictions. However, despite the restrictions, an increase in transportation density was observed between 6 and 9 am and between 5 and 7 pm. Although the overall mobility toward outside the city has fallen due to travel restrictions, it has been observed that exit mobility continued between Gebze and Kocaeli, both industrial centers where blue-collar jobs dominate. Most of the mobility in the city is observed in Avcılar, Bahçelievler, Esenyurt, and Küçükçekmece, which are mostly blue-collar residential districts. On the Asian side, activity was observed in Kurtköy, Pendik, Samandıra, Ümraniye, and Tuzla, areas where blue-collar workers predominantly reside. From March 25 to April 7, 2020, it was determined that the most intense activity areas of the blue-collar workers were Avcılar, Bahçelievler, Bağcılar, Çekmeköy, Esenyurt, Küçükçekmece, Ümraniye, and D-100 highway line.
Conclusion: The density in the use of public transportation rose during the hours corresponding to the working hours of the workers who had to continue working despite the pandemic. In addition, the physical movement of blue-collar workers continued despite the travel restrictions imposed along the city borders where they worked and resided. Our data point to the importance of social protection measures for workers in general, and blue-collar workers in particular, for the management of the pandemic.
期刊介绍:
Turkish Thoracic Journal (Turk Thorac J) is the double-blind, peer-reviewed, open access, international publication organ of Turkish Thoracic Society. The journal is a quarterly publication, published on January, April, July, and October and its publication language is English. Turkish Thoracic Journal started its publication life following the merger of two journals which were published under the titles “Turkish Respiratory Journal” and “Toraks Journal” until 2007. Archives of both journals were passed on to the Turkish Thoracic Journal. The aim of the journal is to convey scientific developments and to create a dynamic discussion platform about pulmonary diseases. With this intent, the journal accepts articles from all related scientific areas that address adult and pediatric pulmonary diseases, as well as thoracic imaging, environmental and occupational disorders, intensive care, sleep disorders and thoracic surgery. Clinical and research articles, reviews, statements of agreement or disagreement on controversial issues, national and international consensus reports, abstracts and comments of important international articles, interesting case reports, writings related to clinical and practical applications, letters to the editor, and editorials are accepted.