Alejandra Arroyave-Muñoz, Arie van der Meijden, Sebastián Estrada-Gómez, Luis Fernando García
{"title":"一种有毒节肢动物的毒性与捕食行为之间的联系:一种多面手捕食蝎子(天蝎:蝎科)的案例。","authors":"Alejandra Arroyave-Muñoz, Arie van der Meijden, Sebastián Estrada-Gómez, Luis Fernando García","doi":"10.1590/1678-9199-JVATITD-2021-0036","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Scorpions are arachnids that have a generalist diet, which use venom to subdue their prey. The study of their trophic ecology and capture behavior is still limited compared to other organisms, and aspects such as trophic specialization in this group have been little explored.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In order to determine the relationship between feeding behavior and venom toxicity in the scorpion species <i>Tityus fuhrmanni</i>, 33 specimens were offered prey with different morphologies and defense mechanisms: spiders, cockroaches and crickets. In each of the experiments we recorded the following aspects: acceptance rate, immobilization time and the number of capture attempts. The median lethal dose of <i>T. fuhrmanni</i> venom against the three different types of prey was also evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found that this species does not have a marked difference in acceptance for any of the evaluated prey, but the number of capture attempts of spiders is higher when compared to the other types of prey. The immobilization time is shorter in spiders compared to other prey and the LD<sub>50</sub> was higher for cockroaches.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These results indicate that <i>T. fuhrmanni</i> is a scorpion with a generalist diet, has a venom with a different potency among prey and is capable of discriminating between prey types and employing distinct strategies to subdue them.</p>","PeriodicalId":17565,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins Including Tropical Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8000,"publicationDate":"2022-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8747031/pdf/","citationCount":"1","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Linking toxicity and predation in a venomous arthropod: the case of <i>Tityus fuhrmanni</i> (Scorpiones: Buthidae), a generalist predator scorpion.\",\"authors\":\"Alejandra Arroyave-Muñoz, Arie van der Meijden, Sebastián Estrada-Gómez, Luis Fernando García\",\"doi\":\"10.1590/1678-9199-JVATITD-2021-0036\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Scorpions are arachnids that have a generalist diet, which use venom to subdue their prey. The study of their trophic ecology and capture behavior is still limited compared to other organisms, and aspects such as trophic specialization in this group have been little explored.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In order to determine the relationship between feeding behavior and venom toxicity in the scorpion species <i>Tityus fuhrmanni</i>, 33 specimens were offered prey with different morphologies and defense mechanisms: spiders, cockroaches and crickets. In each of the experiments we recorded the following aspects: acceptance rate, immobilization time and the number of capture attempts. The median lethal dose of <i>T. fuhrmanni</i> venom against the three different types of prey was also evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found that this species does not have a marked difference in acceptance for any of the evaluated prey, but the number of capture attempts of spiders is higher when compared to the other types of prey. The immobilization time is shorter in spiders compared to other prey and the LD<sub>50</sub> was higher for cockroaches.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These results indicate that <i>T. fuhrmanni</i> is a scorpion with a generalist diet, has a venom with a different potency among prey and is capable of discriminating between prey types and employing distinct strategies to subdue them.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":17565,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins Including Tropical Diseases\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":1.8000,\"publicationDate\":\"2022-01-07\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8747031/pdf/\",\"citationCount\":\"1\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins Including Tropical Diseases\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-9199-JVATITD-2021-0036\",\"RegionNum\":3,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"2022/1/1 0:00:00\",\"PubModel\":\"eCollection\",\"JCR\":\"Q4\",\"JCRName\":\"TOXICOLOGY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins Including Tropical Diseases","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-9199-JVATITD-2021-0036","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2022/1/1 0:00:00","PubModel":"eCollection","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"TOXICOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Linking toxicity and predation in a venomous arthropod: the case of Tityus fuhrmanni (Scorpiones: Buthidae), a generalist predator scorpion.
Background: Scorpions are arachnids that have a generalist diet, which use venom to subdue their prey. The study of their trophic ecology and capture behavior is still limited compared to other organisms, and aspects such as trophic specialization in this group have been little explored.
Methods: In order to determine the relationship between feeding behavior and venom toxicity in the scorpion species Tityus fuhrmanni, 33 specimens were offered prey with different morphologies and defense mechanisms: spiders, cockroaches and crickets. In each of the experiments we recorded the following aspects: acceptance rate, immobilization time and the number of capture attempts. The median lethal dose of T. fuhrmanni venom against the three different types of prey was also evaluated.
Results: We found that this species does not have a marked difference in acceptance for any of the evaluated prey, but the number of capture attempts of spiders is higher when compared to the other types of prey. The immobilization time is shorter in spiders compared to other prey and the LD50 was higher for cockroaches.
Conclusions: These results indicate that T. fuhrmanni is a scorpion with a generalist diet, has a venom with a different potency among prey and is capable of discriminating between prey types and employing distinct strategies to subdue them.
期刊介绍:
Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases (JVATiTD) is a non-commercial academic open access publication dedicated to research on all aspects of toxinology, venomous animals and tropical diseases. Its interdisciplinary content includes original scientific articles covering research on toxins derived from animals, plants and microorganisms. Topics of interest include, but are not limited to:systematics and morphology of venomous animals;physiology, biochemistry, pharmacology and immunology of toxins;epidemiology, clinical aspects and treatment of envenoming by different animals, plants and microorganisms;development and evaluation of antivenoms and toxin-derivative products;epidemiology, clinical aspects and treatment of tropical diseases (caused by virus, bacteria, algae, fungi and parasites) including the neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) defined by the World Health Organization.