Red Cell Distribution Width as a Predictor of Mortality in Patients With Clinical Sepsis: Experience From a Single Rural Center in Central India.

Introduction: Early diagnosis of sepsis and its severity is essential for appropriate treatment to improve patient survival, especially in resource-limited settings. The aim of the present study was to study the role of red blood cell distribution (RDW) as a biomarker for the early detection of severe sepsis defined clinically and also in the prediction of mortality from sepsis.

Methods: The cross-sectional study included a total of 175 subjects who met the inclusion criteria for the diagnosis of severe sepsis. After a thorough clinical examination, blood samples were taken from all patients within 3 hours of presenting the disease. The RDW values and other investigations were studied on the day of admission compared to other severity markers with the mortality index of 30 days.

Result: The RDW value was significantly higher in patients with severe sepsis and in non-survivor patients than in survivors (P < .0001). There was a strong correlation between the SOFA score and RDW in predicting the disease outcome with the Pearson correlation coefficient of r = .46. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was found to be 0.852 at a CI of 95% (0.796-0.909) with RDW 17.15, sensitivity was 88.6% and specificity was 63.5%. There was a positive correlation with Pearson's correlation coefficient of r = .46 between RDW and the SOFA score.

Conclusions: RDW can be used as a potential marker for the early detection of severe sepsis and in the prediction of the outcome. Large multicenter prospective studies can confirm the utility of this routinely available marker for patients with sepsis.