[History and development of hip arthroplasty. An overview of its successes, failures and lessons learned. (Part one)].

A historical review of the development of hip arthroplasty is made. The work was divided into five stages: bioarthroplastic, pre-alloarthroplastic, early development of endoprosthetic alloarthroplasty, transitional stage and contemporary alloarthroplasty. The most important documentary history was located in relation to the events that marked milestones in its development from the end of the 19th century to the present time. The purpose of this manuscript was to make a reflective analysis analyzing what have been its successes, its failures and the lessons it has left us. Likewise, it was considered transcendent not only to review its historical development, but also to locate ourselves in the present and towards where we should direct our efforts to continue innovating this therapeutic resource, taking advantage of the lessons of the past and the attitudes of the present and the route to the future. Given the length of the manuscript, it was divided into parts. In this first part, we will review from the bioarthroplastic stage to the current arthroplastic stage.