Anna Mrzljak, Željka Jureković, Jadranka Pavičić-Šarić, Vladimir Stevanović, Irena Tabain, Željka Hruškar, Danko Mikulić, Ljubo Barbić, Tatjana Vilibić-Čavlek
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Serum samples were initially tested for SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies using a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA; Vircell Microbiologists, Granada, Spain). All positive samples were confirmed using a virus neutralization test (VNT). Data on risk exposure and COVID-19 related symptoms were collected using a questionnaire.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The transplanted cohort's seroprevalence detected by ELISA and VNT was 20.1% and 3.1%, respectively. Neutralizing (NT) antibodies developed in 15.6% of anti-SARS-CoV-2 ELISA IgG positive SOTRs. The difference in seropositivity rates between LTRs and KTRs was not statistically significant (ELISA 21.1% <i>vs</i>. 19.0%, P = 0.554; VNT 3.6% <i>vs</i>. 2.6%, P = 0.082). Overall VNT positivity rates were higher in patients who reported participation in large community events (5.9% <i>vs</i>. 1.0%; P = 0.027) as well as in patients who reported COVID-19 related symptoms in the past six months. In addition, symptomatic VNT positive patients showed significantly higher (P = 0.031) NT antibody titers (median 128, interquartile range (IQR) = 32-128) compared to asymptomatic patients (median 16, IQR = 16-48).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study showed that 15.6% of anti-SARS-CoV-2 ELISA positive Croatian SOTRs developed NT antibodies indicating protective immunity. Further studies are needed to determine the dynamic of NT antibodies and COVID-19 immunity duration in immunocompromised populations such as LTRs and KTRs.</p>","PeriodicalId":9021,"journal":{"name":"Biochemia Medica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8000,"publicationDate":"2021-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8495621/pdf/","citationCount":"2","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in Croatian solid-organ transplant recipients.\",\"authors\":\"Anna Mrzljak, Željka Jureković, Jadranka Pavičić-Šarić, Vladimir Stevanović, Irena Tabain, Željka Hruškar, Danko Mikulić, Ljubo Barbić, Tatjana Vilibić-Čavlek\",\"doi\":\"10.11613/BM.2021.030901\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The data on the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in solid-organ transplant recipients (SOTRs) in Croatia is unknown. The aim of this study was to analyze the seroprevalence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in Croatian SOTRs.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>From 7 September to 27 November 2020 (beginning of the second COVID-19 pandemic wave), a cross-sectional screening for COVID-19 was performed in the adult outpatient liver (LTRs; N = 280) and kidney transplant recipients (KTRs; N = 232). Serum samples were initially tested for SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies using a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA; Vircell Microbiologists, Granada, Spain). All positive samples were confirmed using a virus neutralization test (VNT). Data on risk exposure and COVID-19 related symptoms were collected using a questionnaire.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The transplanted cohort's seroprevalence detected by ELISA and VNT was 20.1% and 3.1%, respectively. Neutralizing (NT) antibodies developed in 15.6% of anti-SARS-CoV-2 ELISA IgG positive SOTRs. The difference in seropositivity rates between LTRs and KTRs was not statistically significant (ELISA 21.1% <i>vs</i>. 19.0%, P = 0.554; VNT 3.6% <i>vs</i>. 2.6%, P = 0.082). Overall VNT positivity rates were higher in patients who reported participation in large community events (5.9% <i>vs</i>. 1.0%; P = 0.027) as well as in patients who reported COVID-19 related symptoms in the past six months. In addition, symptomatic VNT positive patients showed significantly higher (P = 0.031) NT antibody titers (median 128, interquartile range (IQR) = 32-128) compared to asymptomatic patients (median 16, IQR = 16-48).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study showed that 15.6% of anti-SARS-CoV-2 ELISA positive Croatian SOTRs developed NT antibodies indicating protective immunity. 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引用次数: 2
摘要
克罗地亚实体器官移植受者(SOTRs)中冠状病毒病(COVID-19)的数据尚不清楚。本研究的目的是分析克罗地亚sotr中严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2 (SARS-CoV-2)的血清患病率。材料和方法:2020年9月7日至11月27日(第二波COVID-19大流行开始)，对成人门诊肝脏(lts)进行COVID-19横断面筛查;N = 280)和肾移植受者(KTRs;N = 232)。使用商用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)对血清样本进行SARS-CoV-2 IgG抗体的初步检测;Vircell微生物学家，格拉纳达，西班牙)。所有阳性样本均采用病毒中和试验(VNT)进行确认。使用问卷收集风险暴露和COVID-19相关症状的数据。结果:ELISA和VNT检测移植队列血清阳性率分别为20.1%和3.1%。在15.6%的抗sars - cov -2 ELISA IgG阳性sotr中产生中和抗体。LTRs与KTRs血清阳性率差异无统计学意义(ELISA 21.1% vs. 19.0%， P = 0.554;VNT 3.6% vs. 2.6%， P = 0.082)。报告参加大型社区活动的患者VNT总体阳性率较高(5.9% vs 1.0%;P = 0.027)，以及在过去6个月内报告有COVID-19相关症状的患者。此外，有症状的VNT阳性患者的NT抗体滴度(中位数128，四分位间距(IQR) = 32-128)明显高于无症状患者(中位数16,IQR = 16-48) (P = 0.031)。结论:本研究显示，15.6%的抗sars - cov -2 ELISA阳性的克罗地亚SOTRs产生NT抗体，表明具有保护性免疫。在ltr和ktr等免疫功能低下人群中，NT抗体动态和COVID-19免疫持续时间有待进一步研究。
Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in Croatian solid-organ transplant recipients.
Introduction: The data on the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in solid-organ transplant recipients (SOTRs) in Croatia is unknown. The aim of this study was to analyze the seroprevalence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in Croatian SOTRs.
Materials and methods: From 7 September to 27 November 2020 (beginning of the second COVID-19 pandemic wave), a cross-sectional screening for COVID-19 was performed in the adult outpatient liver (LTRs; N = 280) and kidney transplant recipients (KTRs; N = 232). Serum samples were initially tested for SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies using a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA; Vircell Microbiologists, Granada, Spain). All positive samples were confirmed using a virus neutralization test (VNT). Data on risk exposure and COVID-19 related symptoms were collected using a questionnaire.
Results: The transplanted cohort's seroprevalence detected by ELISA and VNT was 20.1% and 3.1%, respectively. Neutralizing (NT) antibodies developed in 15.6% of anti-SARS-CoV-2 ELISA IgG positive SOTRs. The difference in seropositivity rates between LTRs and KTRs was not statistically significant (ELISA 21.1% vs. 19.0%, P = 0.554; VNT 3.6% vs. 2.6%, P = 0.082). Overall VNT positivity rates were higher in patients who reported participation in large community events (5.9% vs. 1.0%; P = 0.027) as well as in patients who reported COVID-19 related symptoms in the past six months. In addition, symptomatic VNT positive patients showed significantly higher (P = 0.031) NT antibody titers (median 128, interquartile range (IQR) = 32-128) compared to asymptomatic patients (median 16, IQR = 16-48).
Conclusions: This study showed that 15.6% of anti-SARS-CoV-2 ELISA positive Croatian SOTRs developed NT antibodies indicating protective immunity. Further studies are needed to determine the dynamic of NT antibodies and COVID-19 immunity duration in immunocompromised populations such as LTRs and KTRs.
期刊介绍：
Biochemia Medica is the official peer-reviewed journal of the Croatian Society of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine. Journal provides a wide coverage of research in all aspects of clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine. Following categories fit into the scope of the Journal: general clinical chemistry, haematology and haemostasis, molecular diagnostics and endocrinology. Development, validation and verification of analytical techniques and methods applicable to clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine are welcome as well as studies dealing with laboratory organization, automation and quality control. Journal publishes on a regular basis educative preanalytical case reports (Preanalytical mysteries), articles dealing with applied biostatistics (Lessons in biostatistics) and research integrity (Research integrity corner).
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