有和没有阅读障碍的儿童和成人对言语中索引线索的感知:地域方言和性别认同

IF 1.9 3区 教育学 Q1 EDUCATION, SPECIAL
Dyslexia Pub Date : 2021-10-06 DOI:10.1002/dys.1702
Ewa Jacewicz, Lian J. Arzbecker, Robert Allen Fox
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引用次数: 0

摘要

发展性阅读障碍的听觉研究提出,言语听觉处理缺陷是阅读和拼写困难的基础。研究主要集中在语音加工上,尚未解决语音中与说话者相关的(索引)属性在语音表征形成中的作用。在这里,我们评估了提示说话者地区方言和性别的索引特征的听觉处理,以确定阅读障碍是否限制了方言特征和语音性别的识别。患有阅读障碍的11-14岁的成人和儿童,以及与他们年龄匹配的对照组,对从40位说话者的自发对话中提取的360个独特句子做出了反应。除了原始的未经处理的语音外,还有两个重点过滤条件(使用400 Hz低通滤波和8通道噪声语音编码)来探测听者对片段和韵律线索的反应。与对照组相比,两组有阅读障碍的人在从两组线索中识别方言特征的能力上都受到了明显的限制。性别的结果表明,在噪声编码条件下,他们相对较差的性别识别可能与较差的时间分辨率有关。我们认为阅读障碍患者对索引线索的加工缺陷起源于外周听觉过程,其中振幅包络中相关时间线索的加工受损可能是一个候选因素。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Perception of indexical cues in speech by children and adults with and without dyslexia: Regional dialect and gender identification

Auditory research in developmental dyslexia proposes that deficient auditory processing of speech underlies difficulties with reading and spelling. Focusing predominantly on phonological processing, studies have not yet addressed the role of the speaker-related (indexical) properties of speech that enable the formation of phonological representations. Here, we assess auditory processing of indexical characteristics cueing a speaker's regional dialect and gender to determine whether dyslexia constraints recognition of dialect features and voice gender. Adults and children aged 11–14 years with dyslexia and their age-matched controls responded to 360 unique sentences extracted from spontaneous conversations of 40 speakers. In addition to the original unprocessed speech, there were two focused filtered conditions (using lowpass filtering at 400 Hz and 8-channel noise vocoding) probing listeners' responses to segmental and prosodic cues. Compared with controls, both groups with dyslexia were significantly limited in their abilities to recognize dialect features from either set of cues. The results for gender suggest that their comparatively worse gender recognition in the noise-vocoded condition was possibly related to poor temporal resolution. We propose that the deficient processing of indexical cues by individuals with dyslexia originates in peripheral auditory processes, of which impaired processing of relevant temporal cues in amplitude envelope is a likely candidate.

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来源期刊
Dyslexia
Dyslexia Multiple-
CiteScore
3.90
自引率
9.10%
发文量
27
期刊介绍: DYSLEXIA provides reviews and reports of research, assessment and intervention practice. In many fields of enquiry theoretical advances often occur in response to practical needs; and a central aim of the journal is to bring together researchers and practitioners in the field of dyslexia, so that each can learn from the other. Interesting developments, both theoretical and practical, are being reported in many different countries: DYSLEXIA is a forum in which a knowledge of these developments can be shared by readers in all parts of the world. The scope of the journal includes relevant aspects of Cognitive, Educational, Developmental and Clinical Psychology Child and Adult Special Education and Remedial Education Therapy and Counselling Neuroscience, Psychiatry and General Medicine The scope of the journal includes relevant aspects of: - Cognitive, Educational, Developmental and Clinical Psychology - Child and Adult Special Education and Remedial Education - Therapy and Counselling - Neuroscience, Psychiatry and General Medicine
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