Infrastructure, logistics and clinical practice management of acute trauma hemorrhage and coagulopathy: a survey across German trauma centers.

Purpose: Early detection and management of acute trauma hemorrhage and coagulopathy have been associated with improved outcomes, but local infrastructure, logistics and clinical strategies may differ.

Methods: To assess local differences in infrastructure, logistics and clinical management of acute trauma hemorrhage and coagulopathy we have conducted a web-based survey amongst clinicians working in DGU^®-certified supraregional, regional and local trauma centers.

Results: 137/1875 respondents completed the questionnaire yielding a response rate of 7.3%. The majority specified to work as head of department or senior consultant (95%) in trauma/orthopedic surgery (80%) of supraregional (38%), regional (34%) or local (27%) trauma centers. Conventional coagulation assays are most frequently used to monitor bleeding trauma patients. Only half of the respondents (53%) rely on extended coagulation tests, e.g. viscoelastic hemostatic assays. Tests to assess preinjury use of direct oral anticoagulants and platelet inhibitors are still not widely available and vary according to level of care. Conventional blood products are widely available but there remain differences between trauma centers of different level of care to access other hemostatic therapies, e.g. coagulation factor concentrates. Trauma centers of higher level of care are more likely to implement treatment protocols.

Conclusion: This survey confirms still existing differences in infrastructure, logistics and clinical practice management for the detection of acute trauma hemorrhage and coagulopathy amongst DGU^®-certified supraregional, regional and local trauma centers. Further work is recommended to locally implement diagnostics, therapies and treatment algorithms compliant to current guidelines to ensure the best possible outcomes in bleeding trauma patients.