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{"title":"COVID-19的行为动力学:估计92个国家的漏报、多波和坚持疲劳","authors":"Hazhir Rahmandad, Tse Yang Lim, John Sterman","doi":"10.1002/sdr.1673","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Effective responses to the COVID-19 pandemic require integrating behavioral factors such as risk-driven contact reduction, improved treatment, and adherence fatigue with asymptomatic transmission, disease acuity, and hospital capacity. We build one such model and estimate it for all 92 nations with reliable testing data. Cumulative cases and deaths through 22 December 2020 are estimated to be 7.03 and 1.44 times official reports, yielding an infection fatality rate (IFR) of 0.51 percent, which has been declining over time. Absent adherence fatigue, cumulative cases would have been 47 percent lower. Scenarios through June 2021 show that modest improvement in responsiveness could reduce cases and deaths by about 14 percent, more than the impact of vaccinating half of the population by that date. Variations in responsiveness to risk explain two orders of magnitude difference in per-capita deaths despite reproduction numbers fluctuating around one across nations. A public online simulator facilitates scenario analysis over the coming months. © 2021 System Dynamics Society.</p>","PeriodicalId":51500,"journal":{"name":"System Dynamics Review","volume":"37 1","pages":"5-31"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7000,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/sdr.1673","citationCount":"85","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Behavioral dynamics of COVID-19: estimating underreporting, multiple waves, and adherence fatigue across 92 nations.\",\"authors\":\"Hazhir Rahmandad, Tse Yang Lim, John Sterman\",\"doi\":\"10.1002/sdr.1673\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><p>Effective responses to the COVID-19 pandemic require integrating behavioral factors such as risk-driven contact reduction, improved treatment, and adherence fatigue with asymptomatic transmission, disease acuity, and hospital capacity. We build one such model and estimate it for all 92 nations with reliable testing data. Cumulative cases and deaths through 22 December 2020 are estimated to be 7.03 and 1.44 times official reports, yielding an infection fatality rate (IFR) of 0.51 percent, which has been declining over time. Absent adherence fatigue, cumulative cases would have been 47 percent lower. Scenarios through June 2021 show that modest improvement in responsiveness could reduce cases and deaths by about 14 percent, more than the impact of vaccinating half of the population by that date. Variations in responsiveness to risk explain two orders of magnitude difference in per-capita deaths despite reproduction numbers fluctuating around one across nations. A public online simulator facilitates scenario analysis over the coming months. © 2021 System Dynamics Society.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":51500,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"System Dynamics Review\",\"volume\":\"37 1\",\"pages\":\"5-31\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":1.7000,\"publicationDate\":\"2021-01-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/sdr.1673\",\"citationCount\":\"85\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"System Dynamics Review\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"91\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1002/sdr.1673\",\"RegionNum\":3,\"RegionCategory\":\"管理学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"2021/3/16 0:00:00\",\"PubModel\":\"Epub\",\"JCR\":\"Q3\",\"JCRName\":\"MANAGEMENT\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"System Dynamics Review","FirstCategoryId":"91","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1002/sdr.1673","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2021/3/16 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"MANAGEMENT","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 85
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