Hasan Ahmadi Gharaei, Mohammad Fararouei, Ali Mirzazadeh, Golnaz Sharifnia, Marzieh Rohani-Rasaf, Dariush Bastam, Jamileh Rahimi, Mostafa Kouhestani, Shahab Rezaian, Mostafa Dianatinasab
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We used an eight-item checklist for critically appraisal studies of prevalence/incidence of a health problem to assess the quality of publications in the included 48 cross-sectional and 4 cohort studies. We used random-effect models and meta-regression for the meta-analysis of the results of the included studies.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The number of the included studies were 50 for HCV-HIV, and 23 for HBV-HIV co-infections. The pooled prevalence rates of the coinfections were 12% [95% confidence interval (CI) 9.0-16.0] for HBV-HIV and 62% (95% CI 53.0-71.0) for HCV-HIV. Among HIV-positive prisoners who reported drug injection, the prevalence of HBV increased to 15% (95% CI 5.0-23.0), and the HCV prevalence increased to 78% (95% CI 51.0-100). The prevalence of HBV-HIV coinfection among prisoners ranged from 3% in the East Mediterranean region to 27% in the American region. Also, the prevalence of HCV-HIV coinfections among prisoners ranged from 6% in Europe to 98% in the East Mediterranean regions.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings suggested that the high prevalence of HBV and HCV co-infection among HIV-positive prisoners, particularly among those with a history of drug injection, varies significantly across the globe. The results of Meta-regression analysis showed a sliding increase in the prevalence of the studied co-infections among prisoners over the past decades, rising a call for better screening and treatment programs targeting this high-risk population. To prevent the above coinfections among prisoners, aimed public health services (e.g. harm reduction via access to clean needles), human rights, equity, and ethics are to be seriously delivered or practiced in prisons. 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引用次数: 11
摘要
背景：乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）和丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）感染在全世界人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染者中很常见。在这项研究中，我们对已发表的文献进行了系统回顾和荟萃分析，以估计HIV阳性囚犯中HCV、HBV和HIV合并感染的全球和地区流行率。方法：我们通过MEDLINE、Embase、Cochrane图书馆、SCOPUS和Web of science（ISI）检索PubMed，以确定报告HIV感染者中HBV和HCV流行率的研究。我们使用了一份八项健康问题患病率/发病率批判性评估研究清单，以评估包括48项横断面研究和4项队列研究的出版物质量。我们使用随机效应模型和元回归对纳入研究的结果进行荟萃分析。结果：纳入的研究数量为50例HCV-HIV，23例HBV-HIV合并感染。合并感染的合并流行率HBV-HIV为12%[95%置信区间（CI）9.0-16.0]，HCV-HIV为62%（95%CI 53.0-71.0）。在报告注射毒品的HIV阳性囚犯中，HBV的患病率增加到15%（95%CI 5.0-23.0），HCV的患病率提高到78%（95%CI 51.0-100）。囚犯中HBV-HIV合并感染的患病率从东地中海地区的3%到美国地区的27%不等。此外，囚犯中HCV-HIV合并感染的流行率从欧洲的6%到东地中海地区的98%不等。结论：我们的研究结果表明，在HIV阳性囚犯中，特别是在有药物注射史的囚犯中，HBV和HCV合并感染的高患病率在全球范围内存在显著差异。Meta回归分析的结果显示，在过去几十年中，所研究的囚犯合并感染的患病率呈滑动上升趋势，这增加了针对这一高危人群的更好筛查和治疗计划的呼声。为了防止囚犯中出现上述感染，应在监狱中认真提供或实践有针对性的公共卫生服务（如通过使用清洁针头减少伤害）、人权、公平和道德。协议注册号：CRD42018115707（在PROSPERO国际）。
The global and regional prevalence of hepatitis C and B co-infections among prisoners living with HIV: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections are common among individuals with human immune deficiency virus (HIV) infection worldwide. In this study, we did a systematic review and meta-analysis of the published literature to estimate the global and regional prevalence of HCV, HBV and HIV coinfections among HIV-positive prisoners.
Methods: We searched PubMed via MEDLINE, Embase, the Cochrane Library, SCOPUS, and Web of science (ISI) to identify studies that reported the prevalence of HBV and HCV among prisoners living with HIV. We used an eight-item checklist for critically appraisal studies of prevalence/incidence of a health problem to assess the quality of publications in the included 48 cross-sectional and 4 cohort studies. We used random-effect models and meta-regression for the meta-analysis of the results of the included studies.
Results: The number of the included studies were 50 for HCV-HIV, and 23 for HBV-HIV co-infections. The pooled prevalence rates of the coinfections were 12% [95% confidence interval (CI) 9.0-16.0] for HBV-HIV and 62% (95% CI 53.0-71.0) for HCV-HIV. Among HIV-positive prisoners who reported drug injection, the prevalence of HBV increased to 15% (95% CI 5.0-23.0), and the HCV prevalence increased to 78% (95% CI 51.0-100). The prevalence of HBV-HIV coinfection among prisoners ranged from 3% in the East Mediterranean region to 27% in the American region. Also, the prevalence of HCV-HIV coinfections among prisoners ranged from 6% in Europe to 98% in the East Mediterranean regions.
Conclusions: Our findings suggested that the high prevalence of HBV and HCV co-infection among HIV-positive prisoners, particularly among those with a history of drug injection, varies significantly across the globe. The results of Meta-regression analysis showed a sliding increase in the prevalence of the studied co-infections among prisoners over the past decades, rising a call for better screening and treatment programs targeting this high-risk population. To prevent the above coinfections among prisoners, aimed public health services (e.g. harm reduction via access to clean needles), human rights, equity, and ethics are to be seriously delivered or practiced in prisons. Protocol registration number: CRD42018115707 (in the PROSPERO international).
期刊介绍：
Infectious Diseases of Poverty is a peer-reviewed, open access journal that focuses on essential public health questions related to infectious diseases of poverty. It covers a wide range of topics and methods, including the biology of pathogens and vectors, diagnosis and detection, treatment and case management, epidemiology and modeling, zoonotic hosts and animal reservoirs, control strategies and implementation, new technologies, and their application.
The journal also explores the impact of transdisciplinary or multisectoral approaches on health systems, ecohealth, environmental management, and innovative technologies. It aims to provide a platform for the exchange of research and ideas that can contribute to the improvement of public health in resource-limited settings.
In summary, Infectious Diseases of Poverty aims to address the urgent challenges posed by infectious diseases in impoverished populations. By publishing high-quality research in various areas, the journal seeks to advance our understanding of these diseases and contribute to the development of effective strategies for prevention, diagnosis, and treatment.
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