甜菜碱在高温和渗透胁迫条件下对体外瘤胃古菌群落和功能的调节

IF 2.3 4区 生物学 Q3 MICROBIOLOGY
Archaea-An International Microbiological Journal Pub Date : 2020-10-22 eCollection Date: 2020-01-01 DOI:10.1155/2020/8875773
Mubarik Mahmood, Ratchaneewan Khiaosa-Ard, Qendrim Zebeli, Renée M Petri
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引用次数: 2

摘要

瘤胃古细菌在清除瘤胃氢气(H2)中发挥重要作用,促进瘤胃发酵。它们的生长和代谢需要适宜的温度和渗透压;然而,一些外部因素可能使古细菌处于热和渗透胁迫下。甜菜碱是一种渗透剂、分子伴侣和抗氧化剂;因此,它具有对抗这些压力源的潜力。在这项体外研究中,使用了三种甜菜碱水平,即0(对照),51(低)和286(高)ppm。每一种材料都经受了两种温度(39.5和42℃)和两种渗透压条件(295和420 mOsmol kg-1),每次处理n = 6。利用16S rRNA对固相(固体材料主要含有低密度饲料颗粒的纤维物质)和液相(瘤胃发酵液)进行测序分析,发现发酵液中超过99.8%的瘤胃古菌属于Euryarchaeota门。在属水平上,两相中均以Methanobrevibacter菌最多,而Methanosaeta菌仅在液相中检出。产甲烷杆菌属和产甲烷杆菌属与甲烷(CH4)的液相和固相生成均呈显著正相关(P < 0.05)。热胁迫增加了甲烷微球菌属的相对丰度,而降低了候选古菌属Vadin CA11的相对丰度(P < 0.05)。在固相,渗透胁迫显著降低了生物多样性的Shannon和Simpson指数,甲烷预菌的相对丰度高于甲烷微球菌。在液相中,渗透胁迫不仅增加了基于丰度的覆盖度估算值(ACE)和多样性的单个参数,而且增加了甲烷菌和甲烷菌的相对丰度。在渗透胁迫条件下,所有气体参数和估计的代谢氢([2H])利用率总体下降(P < 0.05)。热胁迫下甜菜碱能提高固相古菌的多样性,表现为ACE和单胞菌数量的增加,而渗透胁迫下只有高剂量甜菜碱能提高液相古菌的所有多样性参数(P < 0.05)。因此,甜菜碱可以缓解热胁迫和渗透胁迫对古菌群落的影响。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Betaine Modulates Rumen Archaeal Community and Functioning during Heat and Osmotic Stress Conditions <i>In Vitro</i>.

Betaine Modulates Rumen Archaeal Community and Functioning during Heat and Osmotic Stress Conditions <i>In Vitro</i>.

Betaine Modulates Rumen Archaeal Community and Functioning during Heat and Osmotic Stress Conditions <i>In Vitro</i>.

Betaine Modulates Rumen Archaeal Community and Functioning during Heat and Osmotic Stress Conditions In Vitro.

Rumen archaea play an important role in scavenging ruminal hydrogen (H2) and thus facilitate rumen fermentation. They require optimum temperature and osmolality for their growth and metabolism; however, a number of external factors may put archaea under heat and osmotic stress. Betaine is an osmolyte, molecular chaperone, and antioxidant; therefore, it bears potential to combat against these stressors. In this in vitro study, three betaine levels, namely, 0 (control), 51 (low), and 286 (high) ppm, were used. Each of these was subjected to two temperatures (39.5 and 42°C) and two osmolality conditions (295 and 420 mOsmol kg-1) with n = 6 per treatment. Sequencing analyses of the solid phase (which use solid materials containing primarily fibrous materials of low-density feed particles) and the liquid phase (rumen fermenter liquid) using 16S rRNA revealed that more than 99.8% of the ruminal archaea in fermenters belong to the phylum Euryarchaeota. At the genus level, Methanobrevibacter was the most prevalent in both phases, and Methanosaeta was only detected in the liquid phase. The genera Methanobrevibacter and Methanobacterium both showed a positive correlation with methane (CH4) formation in the liquid and solid phases, respectively (P < 0.05). Heat stress increased the relative abundance of genus Methanimicrococcus at the expense of candidate archaeal genus Vadin CA11 (P < 0.05). In the solid phase, osmotic stress significantly reduced the Shannon and Simpson indices of diversity, and relative abundance was higher for Methanobrevibacter at the expense of Methanimicrococcus. In the liquid phase, osmotic stress increased not only the abundance-based coverage estimator (ACE) and singles parameters of diversity but also the relative abundances of Methanosphaera and Methanobacterium. The overall decrease in all gas parameters and estimated metabolic hydrogen ([2H]) utilization was observed during osmotic stress conditions (P < 0.05). Betaine enhanced the diversity of solid phase archaea as indicated by the increase in ACE and singles during heat stress, and only a high dose improved all diversity parameters in the liquid phase during osmotic stress (P < 0.05). Thus, betaine alleviates the effects of heat stress and osmotic stress on the archaea community.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
7.50
自引率
0.00%
发文量
1
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Archaea is a peer-reviewed, Open Access journal that publishes original research articles as well as review articles dealing with all aspects of archaea, including environmental adaptation, enzymology, genetics and genomics, metabolism, molecular biology, molecular ecology, phylogeny, and ultrastructure. Bioinformatics studies and biotechnological implications of archaea will be considered. Published since 2002, Archaea provides a unique venue for exchanging information about these extraordinary prokaryotes.
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