{"title":"迈向现代教学机器:程序教学与在线教育的综合。","authors":"William B Root, Ruth Anne Rehfeldt","doi":"10.1007/s40732-020-00415-0","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The 21st century has seen rapid enrollment in online courses and environmental and biological determinates, such as COVID-19, that challenge how universities respond to education. However, this \"new way of doing things\" has empirical support from the past. Skinner (1968) laid out a science of teaching derived from operant conditioning principles and provided methods for adopting programmed instruction into what he termed a \"teaching machine.\" This series of investigations evaluated the validity of programmed instruction in online courses, as measured by quiz performance, the frequency of discussion posts, instructor time commitment, generalization, and student perceptions of the online modalities used. Results are discussed for the synthesis of programmed instruction and group learning towards a modern teaching machine.</p>","PeriodicalId":47856,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Record","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0000,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s40732-020-00415-0","citationCount":"15","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Towards a Modern-Day Teaching Machine: The Synthesis of Programmed Instruction and Online Education.\",\"authors\":\"William B Root, Ruth Anne Rehfeldt\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s40732-020-00415-0\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><p>The 21st century has seen rapid enrollment in online courses and environmental and biological determinates, such as COVID-19, that challenge how universities respond to education. However, this \\\"new way of doing things\\\" has empirical support from the past. Skinner (1968) laid out a science of teaching derived from operant conditioning principles and provided methods for adopting programmed instruction into what he termed a \\\"teaching machine.\\\" This series of investigations evaluated the validity of programmed instruction in online courses, as measured by quiz performance, the frequency of discussion posts, instructor time commitment, generalization, and student perceptions of the online modalities used. Results are discussed for the synthesis of programmed instruction and group learning towards a modern teaching machine.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":47856,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Psychological Record\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":1.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2021-01-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s40732-020-00415-0\",\"citationCount\":\"15\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Psychological Record\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"102\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40732-020-00415-0\",\"RegionNum\":4,\"RegionCategory\":\"心理学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"2020/7/27 0:00:00\",\"PubModel\":\"Epub\",\"JCR\":\"Q3\",\"JCRName\":\"PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Psychological Record","FirstCategoryId":"102","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40732-020-00415-0","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2020/7/27 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Towards a Modern-Day Teaching Machine: The Synthesis of Programmed Instruction and Online Education.
The 21st century has seen rapid enrollment in online courses and environmental and biological determinates, such as COVID-19, that challenge how universities respond to education. However, this "new way of doing things" has empirical support from the past. Skinner (1968) laid out a science of teaching derived from operant conditioning principles and provided methods for adopting programmed instruction into what he termed a "teaching machine." This series of investigations evaluated the validity of programmed instruction in online courses, as measured by quiz performance, the frequency of discussion posts, instructor time commitment, generalization, and student perceptions of the online modalities used. Results are discussed for the synthesis of programmed instruction and group learning towards a modern teaching machine.
期刊介绍：
The Psychological Record publishes empirical and conceptual articles related to the field of behavior analysis, behavior science, and behavior theory. The journal welcomes investigations of basic behavioral processes, as well as translational studies that bridge experimental and applied analyses of behavior. Conceptual articles pertinent to the theory and philosophy of behaviorism are also welcome.
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