双因素 S-1 模型:测试多动症(ADHD)和注意力缺陷障碍(ODD)结构的心理测量学合理替代方案?

IF 3.6
Jeffrey D Burke, Oliver G Johnston
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引用次数: 9

摘要

关于注意力缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)、对立违抗障碍(ODD)和行为障碍实际上是否相互区别的问题一直存在。当出现此类问题时,人们通常会建议将对立违抗障碍归入其中一种情况。能够评估特定子因素能否从一般精神病理学中区分出来的建模方法备受关注,一般双因素模型也越来越多地被应用于评估精神病理学结构的研究中。然而,有证据表明该模型存在偏差、异常指标频频出现,以及理论界对一般双因素模型是否适用于这些问题的担忧,都让人怀疑该模型是否可靠或是否适合这样做。伯恩斯及其同事提出了双因素 S-1 模型,作为心理测量学上更可靠的替代方案。他们的系统研究提供了一个令人信服的论据,证明该模型在心理测量学上更为可靠,但并不清楚它是否是一个真正的替代方案。它可能无法回答相同的问题,无法检验与特定子因素相同的假设,而且依赖于研究人员的先验决定,这可能会改变对结果的解释。双因素 S-1 模型方法似乎是一种有价值的、心理测量学上合理的方法,可用于测试精神病理学的结构,尤其是多动症和定向障碍。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The Bifactor S-1 Model: a Psychometrically Sounder Alternative to Test the Structure of ADHD and ODD?

Questions persist about whether attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), oppositional defiant disorder (ODD), and conduct disorder are in fact distinct from one another. When such questions arise, ODD is often suggested to be subsumed under one or the other condition. Modeling approaches that can evaluate whether specific subfactors can be distinguished from general psychopathology are of great interest, and the general bifactor model has been increasingly applied in studies evaluating the structure of psychopathology. However, evidence for bias in the model, the frequency of anomalous indicators, and theoretical concerns about the applicability of the general bifactor model to these questions raise doubts about whether it is reliable or appropriate to do so. Burns and colleagues propose the bifactor S-1 model as a psychometrically sounder alternative. Their systematic examination provides a compelling argument that it is psychometrically sounder, but it is not clear that it is a true alternative. It may not be answering the same questions, cannot test hypotheses regarding the same sets of specific subfactors, and relies on a priori decisions on the part of the researcher that may change the interpretation of the results. The bifactor S-1 model approach appears to be a valuable, psychometrically sound approach to test the structure of psychopathology, particularly in regard to ADHD and ODD.

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来源期刊
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期刊介绍: Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology brings together the latest innovative research that advances knowledge of psychopathology from infancy through adolescence. The journal publishes studies that have a strong theoretical framework and use a diversity of methods, with an emphasis on empirical studies of the major forms of psychopathology found in childhood disorders (e.g., disruptive behavior disorders, depression, anxiety, and autism spectrum disorder). Studies focus on the epidemiology, etiology, assessment, treatment, prognosis, and developmental course of these forms of psychopathology. Studies highlighting risk and protective factors; the ecology and correlates of children''s emotional, social, and behavior problems; and advances in prevention and treatment are featured. Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology is the official journal of the International Society for Research in Child and Adolescent Psychopathology (ISRCAP), a multidisciplinary scientific society.
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