Usefulness of the StrongKids Screening Tool in Detecting Anemia and Inflammation in Hospitalized Pediatric Patients.

Objective: To assess whether the nutritional risk classified by StrongKids is associated with anemia and inflammation (total leukocytes and C-reactive protein (CRP)), as well as to compare the ability of StrongKids with anthropometry in identifying these changes in hospitalized pediatric patients.Methods: Cross-sectional study with patients admitted to the pediatric ward of a public hospital in Brazil, from 2014 to 2018. The experimental protocol included: nutritional risk screening by StrongKids; weight and height measurements; and biochemical tests (complete blood count and C-reactive protein - CRP). Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value were calculated to assess the ability of StrongKids and anthropometry to identify patients with the biochemical changes.Results: The study included 482 patients (54.2% male), with a median age of 2.7 years. The frequency of nutritional risk (medium or high) was 85.9% and the prevalence of malnutrition (acute and/or chronic) was 20.2%. Overall, of the patients evaluated, 40.2% had anemia, 28.2% leukocytosis, and 78.0% high CRP. Children and adolescents classified as at nutritional risk (moderate/high) had lower levels of hemoglobin and higher levels of CRP and total leukocytes, as well as a higher frequency of leukocytosis, high CRP and the three alterations combined when compared with individuals at low risk. No association was found between anthropometric variables and biochemical alterations. The sensitivity of nutritional screening was high to detect all biochemical alterations and was superior to the anthropometric assessment.Conclusion: StrongKids was associated with alterations in biochemical parameters with a better performance than anthropometry.