Daniel Kpodji Awaitey, Elliot Elikplim Akorsu, Emmanuel Allote Allotey, David Annor Kwasie, Precious Kwablah Kwadzokpui, Philip Apraku Tawiah, Stephen Adomako Amankwah, Albert Abaka-Yawson
{"title":"何氏教学医院接受医疗保健的患者血红蛋白变异的评估:一项为期三年的回顾性研究","authors":"Daniel Kpodji Awaitey, Elliot Elikplim Akorsu, Emmanuel Allote Allotey, David Annor Kwasie, Precious Kwablah Kwadzokpui, Philip Apraku Tawiah, Stephen Adomako Amankwah, Albert Abaka-Yawson","doi":"10.1155/2020/7369731","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>It is estimated that one out of every three Ghanaians has hemoglobin genotype mutation. This change in genetic make-up may result in genotypes such as HbAS, HbSS, and HbSC. Many children in low- and middle-income countries die even before they are diagnosed with sickle cell disease (SCD). In Africa, there are limited data on the incidence and prevalence of SCD and the Volta region of Ghana is no exception.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of SCD and to assess the hemoglobin variants among patients attending Ho Teaching Hospital.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective study design was used to extract information from the Hospital Administration and Management Systems (HAMS) on the hemoglobin electrophoresis results and corresponding full blood count results of the SCD and sickle cell anemia (SCA) patients as well as patients who were asked to do Hb electrophoresis irrespective of their sickling status. Data were collected for the period January 2016 to December 2018. Sickle cell disease status was determined using the Hb genotypes from the Hb electrophoresis results. The full blood count was used to categorize the severity of anemia based on the hemoglobin concentration in the SCA and SCD patients.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 1,523 subjects were included in the study of which the prevalence for sickle cell disease was 16.7%. The SCD genotypes included HbS (6.2%), HbSC (7.9%), and HbSF (2.6%). Hemoglobin C disease (HbCC) constituted 0.3% out of the total prevalence of SCD. The prevalence of anemia was 99.2%, with the severest form in HbS. Also, majority of the SCD patients had severe anemia. Difference in the severity of anemia was found to be significant among both male (<i>P</i>=0.006) and female (<i>P</i>=0.004) participants with SCD.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Patients receiving health care at the Ho Teaching Hospital had different hemoglobin variants with HbAS recording the highest prevalence. The high incidence of hemoglobin AS implies the possibility of having an increased population of individuals with sickle cell disease in future if measures are not put in place to improve screening, counseling, and education of the public about the health threat SCD poses.</p>","PeriodicalId":7325,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Hematology","volume":"2020 ","pages":"7369731"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2020-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2020/7369731","citationCount":"1","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Assessment of Hemoglobin Variants in Patients Receiving Health Care at the Ho Teaching Hospital: A Three-Year Retrospective Study.\",\"authors\":\"Daniel Kpodji Awaitey, Elliot Elikplim Akorsu, Emmanuel Allote Allotey, David Annor Kwasie, Precious Kwablah Kwadzokpui, Philip Apraku Tawiah, Stephen Adomako Amankwah, Albert Abaka-Yawson\",\"doi\":\"10.1155/2020/7369731\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Background: </strong>It is estimated that one out of every three Ghanaians has hemoglobin genotype mutation. This change in genetic make-up may result in genotypes such as HbAS, HbSS, and HbSC. Many children in low- and middle-income countries die even before they are diagnosed with sickle cell disease (SCD). In Africa, there are limited data on the incidence and prevalence of SCD and the Volta region of Ghana is no exception.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of SCD and to assess the hemoglobin variants among patients attending Ho Teaching Hospital.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective study design was used to extract information from the Hospital Administration and Management Systems (HAMS) on the hemoglobin electrophoresis results and corresponding full blood count results of the SCD and sickle cell anemia (SCA) patients as well as patients who were asked to do Hb electrophoresis irrespective of their sickling status. Data were collected for the period January 2016 to December 2018. Sickle cell disease status was determined using the Hb genotypes from the Hb electrophoresis results. The full blood count was used to categorize the severity of anemia based on the hemoglobin concentration in the SCA and SCD patients.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 1,523 subjects were included in the study of which the prevalence for sickle cell disease was 16.7%. The SCD genotypes included HbS (6.2%), HbSC (7.9%), and HbSF (2.6%). Hemoglobin C disease (HbCC) constituted 0.3% out of the total prevalence of SCD. The prevalence of anemia was 99.2%, with the severest form in HbS. Also, majority of the SCD patients had severe anemia. Difference in the severity of anemia was found to be significant among both male (<i>P</i>=0.006) and female (<i>P</i>=0.004) participants with SCD.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Patients receiving health care at the Ho Teaching Hospital had different hemoglobin variants with HbAS recording the highest prevalence. 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引用次数: 1
摘要
背景:据估计，每三个加纳人中就有一个有血红蛋白基因型突变。基因组成的这种变化可能导致HbAS、HbSS和HbSC等基因型。低收入和中等收入国家的许多儿童甚至在被诊断患有镰状细胞病之前就死亡了。在非洲，关于SCD发病率和流行率的数据有限，加纳的沃尔特地区也不例外。目的:本研究的目的是确定SCD的患病率，并评估何氏教学医院患者的血红蛋白变异。方法:采用回顾性研究设计，从医院行政管理系统(Hospital Administration and Management Systems, HAMS)中提取SCD和镰状细胞性贫血(SCA)患者的血红蛋白电泳结果和相应的全血细胞计数结果，以及要求进行Hb电泳的患者，无论其镰状细胞状态如何。数据收集时间为2016年1月至2018年12月。利用Hb电泳结果的Hb基因型确定镰状细胞疾病状态。根据SCA和SCD患者的血红蛋白浓度，用全血细胞计数对贫血的严重程度进行分类。结果:共纳入1523例受试者，其中镰状细胞病患病率为16.7%。SCD基因型包括HbS(6.2%)、HbSC(7.9%)和HbSF(2.6%)。血红蛋白C病(HbCC)占SCD总患病率的0.3%。贫血的发生率为99.2%，以HbS最为严重。此外，大多数SCD患者有严重的贫血。在男性(P=0.006)和女性(P=0.004) SCD患者中，贫血严重程度的差异是显著的。结论:何氏医院就诊患者血红蛋白变异程度不同，以HbAS患病率最高。血红蛋白AS的高发病率意味着，如果不采取措施改善筛查、咨询和公众对SCD构成的健康威胁的教育，未来镰状细胞病患者的人数可能会增加。
Assessment of Hemoglobin Variants in Patients Receiving Health Care at the Ho Teaching Hospital: A Three-Year Retrospective Study.
Background: It is estimated that one out of every three Ghanaians has hemoglobin genotype mutation. This change in genetic make-up may result in genotypes such as HbAS, HbSS, and HbSC. Many children in low- and middle-income countries die even before they are diagnosed with sickle cell disease (SCD). In Africa, there are limited data on the incidence and prevalence of SCD and the Volta region of Ghana is no exception.
Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of SCD and to assess the hemoglobin variants among patients attending Ho Teaching Hospital.
Methods: A retrospective study design was used to extract information from the Hospital Administration and Management Systems (HAMS) on the hemoglobin electrophoresis results and corresponding full blood count results of the SCD and sickle cell anemia (SCA) patients as well as patients who were asked to do Hb electrophoresis irrespective of their sickling status. Data were collected for the period January 2016 to December 2018. Sickle cell disease status was determined using the Hb genotypes from the Hb electrophoresis results. The full blood count was used to categorize the severity of anemia based on the hemoglobin concentration in the SCA and SCD patients.
Results: A total of 1,523 subjects were included in the study of which the prevalence for sickle cell disease was 16.7%. The SCD genotypes included HbS (6.2%), HbSC (7.9%), and HbSF (2.6%). Hemoglobin C disease (HbCC) constituted 0.3% out of the total prevalence of SCD. The prevalence of anemia was 99.2%, with the severest form in HbS. Also, majority of the SCD patients had severe anemia. Difference in the severity of anemia was found to be significant among both male (P=0.006) and female (P=0.004) participants with SCD.
Conclusion: Patients receiving health care at the Ho Teaching Hospital had different hemoglobin variants with HbAS recording the highest prevalence. The high incidence of hemoglobin AS implies the possibility of having an increased population of individuals with sickle cell disease in future if measures are not put in place to improve screening, counseling, and education of the public about the health threat SCD poses.
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