Incompatibility and phylogenetic relationship of I-complex plasmids

Plasmid incompatibility is the inability of two plasmids to be stably maintained in one cell, resulting in loss of one of the plasmids in daughter cells. Dislodgement is a phenotypically distinct form of incompatibility, described as an imperfect reproduction, manifesting in rapid exclusion of a resident plasmid after superinfection. The relationship between plasmids of the phenotypic incompatibility groups IncB/O and IncZ is unclear. Their inability to co-exist was initially referred to as dislodgement while other research reached the conclusion that IncB/O and IncZ plasmids are incompatible. In this manuscript we re-evaluated the relationship between IncB/O and IncZ plasmids to settle these conflicting conclusions. We performed dislodgement testing of R16Δ (IncB/O) and pSFE-059 (IncZ) plasmids by electroporation in a bacterial cell and checked their stability. Stability tests of the obtained plasmid pair showed that the IncB/O plasmid was exclusively and almost completely lost from the heteroplasmid Escherichia coli population. Other IncB/O – IncZ pairs could not form a heteroplasmid population, using conjugation or electroporation. Our data supports the previous suggestion that IncB/O and IncZ plasmids may be considered phenotypically incompatible.