基因和基因检测在急诊医学中的现状:述评。

Advanced Journal of Emergency Medicine Pub Date : 2019-08-25 eCollection Date: 2020-01-01 DOI:10.22114/ajem.v0i0.216
Seyed Mohammad Kazem Aghamir, Mehdi Ebrahimi, Fatemeh Khatami
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引用次数: 4

摘要

上下文:紧急情况是指如果不及时治疗可能导致死亡或永久性伤害的任何医疗问题。在某些情况下,紧急干预的类型取决于患者确切的遗传背景。不幸的是,近几十年来,基因在医疗紧急情况中的重要性被遗忘了。证据获取:为了找到相关文章,我们检索了Pubmed和Embase两个数据库。“基因”、“遗传学”、“表观遗传学”、“DNA”和“紧急情况”等确切的词语被单独或组合使用。所有的研究,如随机临床试验(RCT)、病例/对照、病例系列、病例报告和综述文章进行了研究,以找到相关数据。研究没有考虑时间限制。结果:基因检测的几个方面在急诊科得到了新的考虑,包括用于疾病诊断的无细胞DNA (cfDNA),用于减少药物不良反应的药物遗传学,以及用于血管性埃勒-丹洛斯综合征(vEDS)等疾病的精确紧急干预的个性化医学。来自基因检测和全基因组关联研究的数据已经产生了有希望的结果,使医疗紧急干预在不久的将来更加有益。结论:综合考虑,几种先进的遗传和表观遗传改变技术可以使急诊医学向更好的方向发展。患者的个性化基因数据可以将急诊医疗转变为个性化医疗。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

The Current Status of Genes and Genetic Testing in Emergency Medicine: A Narrative Review.

The Current Status of Genes and Genetic Testing in Emergency Medicine: A Narrative Review.

Context: An emergency is any medical problem that could cause death or permanent injury if not treated quickly. In some occasions, the kind of urgent intervention depends on patient's exact genetic background. Unfortunately, the importance of genes in medical emergencies has been forgotten in recent decades.

Evidence acquisition: In order to find relevant articles, we searched two databases of Pubmed and Embase. The exact words of "genes", "genetics", "epigenetics", "DNA", and "emergency" were used alone and in combination. All studies like randomized clinical trials (RCT), case/controls, case series, case reports, and review articles were studied to find the related data. No time limitation was considered for the studies.

Results: Several aspects of genetic testing are newly considered in emergency departments including cell-free DNA (cfDNA) for disease diagnosis, pharmacogenetics for decreasing the adverse drug effects, and personalized medicine for exact emergency interventions in diseases like Vascular Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (vEDS). Data from genetic testing and genome wide association studies have yielded promising results to make medical emergency interventions more beneficial in the near future.

Conclusion: Taking everything into consideration, several advanced genetic and epigenetic alteration technologies can change emergency medicine for the better. Personalized genetic data of patients can turn emergency medicine to personalized medicine.

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