父母和父母的权利:国家何时应该推翻父母的医疗决定?

Journal of law and health Pub Date : 2019-01-01
Elchanan G Stern
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引用次数: 0

摘要

阿尔菲·埃文斯是一个身患绝症的英国孩子,他的父母抱着希望,拼命地想挽救他的生命。医院当局不同意,并请求法院禁止父母将他转移到其他地方治疗。法院介入,迫使医院停止生命维持,并声称进一步治疗不符合儿童的最佳利益。本文讨论了阿尔菲和另外两个孩子的令人心碎的故事,他们的父母代表他们的医疗决定被法院推翻了。它认为,法院永远不应该裁定死亡符合儿童的最佳利益,并强迫父母从孩子身上撤回生命维持设备。这样的决定超出了司法部门的职权范围。此外,缔约国认为,即使在法院可以或必须进行干预的情况下,也有必要采用新的框架,因为法院目前用于确定儿童最大利益的框架忽视了儿童心理的基本现实。由于法院错误的框架,法院常常非法侵入父母的领地。通过采用新的框架,法院只有在怀疑存在实际虐待或忽视的情况下才会进行干预。在所有其他情况下,司法克制将得到实施,法院将更加尊重父母的意愿。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Parens Patriae and Parental Rights: When Should the State Override Parental Medical Decisions?

Alfie Evans was a terminally ill British child whose parents, clinging to hope, were desperately trying to save his life. Hospital authorities disagreed and petitioned the court to enjoin the parents from removing him and taking him elsewhere for treatment. The court stepped in and compelled the hospital to discontinue life support and claimed that further treatment was not in the child's best interest. This note discusses the heartbreaking stories of Alfie and two other children whose parents' medical decisions on their behalf were overridden by the court. It argues that courts should never decide that death is in a child's best interest and compel parents to withdraw life support from their children. Such a decision is outside the scope of the judiciary. Furthermore, it argues that even in those instances when the court may or must intervene, a new framework is necessary because the current framework used by the court to determine the best interest of the child ignores fundamental realities of child psychology. Too often, as a result of the court's mistaken framework, the court illegitimately trespasses into the parental domain. By adopting a new framework, the court will intervene only when actual abuse or neglect is suspected. In all other cases, judicial restraint will be practiced and the court will show greater deference to the parents' wishes.

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