青少年自闭症谱系障碍的医疗遭遇:环境因素和干预措施的综合回顾。

IF 1.7 Q2 PEDIATRICS
Clinical Medicine Insights-Pediatrics Pub Date : 2019-04-29 eCollection Date: 2019-01-01 DOI:10.1177/1179556519842816
Jolie Straus, Sarah Coburn, Stephanie Maskell, Jessica Pappagianopoulos, Kathryn Cantrell
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引用次数: 27

摘要

目前,大约每59名青少年中就有1人被诊断患有自闭症谱系障碍(ASD),这是一种神经发育障碍。与正常发展的同龄人相比,患有自闭症谱系障碍的青少年因其更高的医疗保健需求而住院的比例更高。虽然去医院对有典型神经需求的年轻人来说是一种压力源,但对于那些患有自闭症谱系障碍的人来说,这种经历包含着独特的挑战。本系统的文献综述着重研究了医院环境对青少年ASD应对和适应的心理社会影响。具体而言,本综述侧重于卫生保健专业人员在支持这些人群接触卫生保健系统时可能使用的建议和干预措施。96篇文章被确定为符合纳入和排除标准。研究结果表明,临床医生应该对青少年自闭症患者实施多种干预措施,包括转移技术、舒适体位和图片时间表。尽管已经发表了以证据为基础的干预措施来支持在医院里患有自闭症的青少年,但大多数临床医生缺乏针对自闭症的培训。本文最后对今后的研究提出了建议。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Medical Encounters for Youth With Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Comprehensive Review of Environmental Considerations and Interventions.

Medical Encounters for Youth With Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Comprehensive Review of Environmental Considerations and Interventions.

Medical Encounters for Youth With Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Comprehensive Review of Environmental Considerations and Interventions.

Approximately 1 in 59 youth are currently diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), a neurodevelopmental disorder. In comparison to typically developing peers, youth with ASD encounter hospitalization at higher rates due to their heightened health care needs. While visiting the hospital is a stressor for youth with neurotypical needs, the experience contains unique challenges for those with ASD. This systematic literature review highlights research that considers the psychosocial impact of the hospital environment on the coping and adjustment of youth with ASD. Specifically, the review focuses on recommendations and interventions that may be used by health care professionals while supporting this population as they encounter the health care system. Ninety-six articles were identified as meeting inclusion and exclusion criteria. The findings suggest that practicing clinicians should implement a wide variety of interventions for youth with ASD including diversion techniques, comfort positions, and picture schedules. Although there are published evidence-based interventions for supporting youth with ASD in the hospital, most clinicians lack ASD-specific training. This article concludes with recommendations for future research.

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